#1
What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?
To provide a baseline for comparison with the experimental group.
To receive the experimental treatment.
To ensure that participants are not aware of the experiment's purpose.
To prevent confounding variables from influencing the results.
#2
What is the purpose of informed consent in psychological research?
To ensure that participants are paid for their participation.
To provide detailed information about the study to participants.
To deceive participants about the true nature of the study.
To withhold information from participants to prevent bias.
#3
Which type of research design involves observing and recording behavior in its natural environment without intervention?
Experimental design
Correlational design
Descriptive design
Longitudinal design
#4
Which statistical measure indicates the strength and direction of a relationship between two variables?
Mean
Standard deviation
Correlation coefficient
Variance
#5
Which of the following is NOT a type of sampling technique used in psychological research?
Random sampling
Stratified sampling
Purposive sampling
Descriptive sampling
#6
What does it mean if a research finding is statistically significant?
The finding is meaningful or important.
The finding occurred by chance.
The finding has practical applications.
The finding is generalizable to the entire population.
#7
Which of the following is a potential ethical concern in psychological research?
Deception of participants
Complete transparency with participants
Use of random assignment
Inclusion of informed consent
#8
Which of the following is a characteristic of experimental research?
It involves observing and describing behavior without manipulating variables.
It allows researchers to establish cause-and-effect relationships between variables.
It relies solely on surveys and interviews to collect data.
It is only conducted in naturalistic settings.
#9
Which research method is best suited for investigating cause-and-effect relationships?
Correlational research
Observational research
Experimental research
Descriptive research
#10
What is the main purpose of random assignment in experimental research?
To ensure that all participants are similar in characteristics.
To assign participants to experimental groups based on their preferences.
To eliminate any potential biases in group assignment.
To control for individual differences and increase the likelihood of equivalent groups.
#11
What is a confounding variable in experimental research?
A variable that directly affects the dependent variable.
A variable that is manipulated by the researcher.
A variable that unintentionally influences the results of the study.
A variable that remains constant throughout the experiment.
#12
What is the purpose of debriefing in psychological research?
To obtain informed consent from participants.
To provide participants with detailed information about the study after their participation.
To deceive participants about the true purpose of the study.
To ensure that participants are compensated for their time.
#13
What is a hypothesis?
A tentative explanation for a phenomenon.
The process of observing behavior in natural settings.
A type of statistical test.
The final conclusion of a research study.
#14
What is internal validity in experimental research?
The extent to which the findings can be generalized to other populations.
The degree to which the independent variable truly influences the dependent variable.
The accuracy and consistency of measurement.
The ability to replicate the results of a study.
#15
Which of the following is a disadvantage of using self-report measures in research?
They provide subjective data.
They are not affected by response bias.
They are time-consuming and expensive to administer.
They cannot be used to assess attitudes and opinions.
#16
What is a placebo?
A fake treatment given to participants in the control group.
A measure of central tendency.
A type of correlation.
An experimental condition with no manipulation of variables.
#17
Which of the following is a measure of central tendency?
Variance
Standard deviation
Mean
Correlation coefficient
#18
What is the purpose of peer review in the publication process of research findings?
To ensure that the research findings are kept confidential.
To provide feedback and critique from experts in the field before publication.
To promote the research findings through various media outlets.
To determine the statistical significance of the research findings.
#19
What is a type I error in hypothesis testing?
Rejecting a true null hypothesis.
Failing to reject a false null hypothesis.
Accepting a true null hypothesis.
Accepting a false null hypothesis.