Which of the following is a characteristic of experimental research?
It involves manipulating variables.
It only uses qualitative data.
It relies solely on observational methods.
It does not require a control group.
#2
What is the purpose of a control variable in experimental research?
To manipulate the independent variable.
To ensure that the experimental conditions are consistent.
To measure the dependent variable.
To recruit participants.
#3
What is the primary purpose of a control group in an experimental design?
To provide a baseline for comparison.
To manipulate the independent variable.
To ensure the experiment runs smoothly.
To test the hypothesis directly.
#4
Which of the following is a disadvantage of the pretest-posttest control group design?
It requires fewer resources.
It is susceptible to selection bias.
It ensures high internal validity.
It is not suitable for experimental research.
#5
What is the term used to describe the process of ensuring that participants in different experimental conditions are equivalent at the beginning of the study?
Random assignment
Pretest manipulation
Posttest control
Counterbalancing
#6
What is a confounding variable in experimental research?
A variable that is deliberately manipulated by the researcher.
A variable that affects both the independent and dependent variables, making it difficult to interpret the results.
A variable that is measured before and after the experiment to assess changes.
A variable that is controlled by the participant.
#7
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a true experiment?
Random assignment of participants
Control group
Pre-existing groups
Manipulation of an independent variable
#8
In experimental research, what is the purpose of random assignment?
To minimize the influence of participant variables.
To ensure the researcher's bias does not affect the results.
To manipulate the independent variable systematically.
To ensure that the dependent variable is measured accurately.
#9
Which of the following is a key difference between experimental and quasi-experimental research?
Quasi-experimental research lacks a control group.
Quasi-experimental research does not manipulate variables.
Experimental research is conducted in a laboratory setting.
Experimental research involves random assignment of participants.
#10
What is the term used to describe a research design where participants are followed over a period of time, with data collected at multiple intervals?
Cross-sectional design
Longitudinal design
Case-control design
Correlational design
#11
What is the term used to describe a research design where participants are randomly assigned to different conditions, and each condition represents a unique combination of levels of the independent variables?
Factorial design
Repeated measures design
Between-subjects design
Within-subjects design
#12
Which of the following is a potential threat to internal validity in experimental research?