#1
Which scientist is known for proposing the theory of natural selection?
Gregor Mendel
Charles Darwin
Louis Pasteur
Alfred Wallace
#2
Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure in humans?
#3
Which of the following is not a mechanism of evolutionary change?
Mutation
Gene flow
Stasis
Genetic drift
#4
Which geological era is often referred to as the 'Age of Dinosaurs'?
Cenozoic Era
Mesozoic Era
Paleozoic Era
Precambrian Era
#5
What is the term for the process by which species evolve over long periods due to changes in their inherited traits?
Revolution
Mutation
Adaptation
Evolution
#6
Which type of evidence provides direct proof of evolutionary relationships among species?
Biogeography
Homologous structures
Fossil record
Molecular biology
#7
What is the term for the process by which two or more species evolve adaptations in response to each other over time?
Adaptive radiation
Coevolution
Punctuated equilibrium
Convergent evolution
#8
In biological evolution, what is the role of genetic mutations?
They always result in harmful effects on organisms
They are the primary source of new genetic variation
They occur only in asexual reproduction
They are not related to the evolutionary process
#9
What is the term for the process by which unrelated species evolve similar traits in response to similar environmental challenges?
Parallel evolution
Homologous evolution
Divergent evolution
Adaptive radiation
#10
In the context of biological evolution, what is genetic drift?
A mechanism of evolution driven by random changes in allele frequencies
The intentional manipulation of genes by organisms
The process of gene duplication
The selective breeding of organisms for desired traits
#11
What is the concept of 'biological fitness' in the context of evolution?
The physical strength of an organism
The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment
The total number of offspring produced by an organism
The size of an organism's population
#12
What is the term for a trait that provides a selective advantage and increases an organism's chance of survival and reproduction?
Adaptation
Mutation
Variation
Natural selection
#13
Which of the following best describes convergent evolution?
Divergence of species in different environments
Similar traits evolving in unrelated species due to similar selective pressures
Evolutionary change within a single species
Evolutionary stasis
#14
Which concept in evolutionary biology suggests that evolution occurs in short bursts of rapid change separated by long periods of stability?
Gradualism
Punctuated equilibrium
Natural selection
Genetic drift
#15
What is the main contribution of the fossil record to the study of evolution?
It provides direct evidence of genetic mutations
It shows a snapshot of past life forms and their transitions
It reveals patterns of convergent evolution
It explains the process of natural selection
#16
Which scientist is credited with the discovery of the structure of DNA, providing crucial insights into the mechanisms of evolution?
Charles Darwin
James Watson
Francis Crick
Rosalind Franklin
#17
What is the name of the concept that suggests species evolve independently in response to their unique environments?
Convergent evolution
Divergent evolution
Adaptive radiation
Isolation
#18
What is the primary role of the enzyme DNA polymerase in the process of DNA replication?
Unzipping the DNA double helix
Proofreading and correcting errors in DNA sequences
Synthesizing a new strand of DNA using a template strand
Initiating the formation of the RNA primer