#1
What does the term 'endemic' mean in epidemiology?
A disease that occurs sporadically in a population
A disease constantly present in a population within a geographic area
A disease outbreak affecting a large population
A disease that has been eradicated globally
#2
Which of the following is an example of a vector-borne disease?
Common cold
Influenza
Malaria
Pneumonia
#3
What does 'public health' primarily focus on?
Individual health concerns
Healthcare access for wealthy individuals
Preventive measures for the entire population
Treatment options for rare diseases
#4
Which of the following best defines 'surveillance' in public health?
The act of administering vaccines to a population
Monitoring and tracking of health events and health-related behaviors
A statistical technique used to analyze data
The study of how diseases spread within a population
#5
What is the term for a disease that spreads worldwide?
Pandemic
Epidemic
Endemic
Outbreak
#6
What is the term for the number of new cases of a disease in a given population during a specific time period?
Incidence
Prevalence
Morbidity
Mortality
#7
What is the main goal of epidemiology?
To treat individuals with diseases
To prevent diseases and promote health
To develop new drugs for diseases
To study the history of diseases
#8
What is the term for the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations?
Biostatistics
Pathology
Epidemiology
Immunology
#9
Which of the following is NOT considered a non-communicable disease?
Diabetes
HIV/AIDS
Heart disease
Cancer
#10
What is the term for the number of existing cases of a disease in a population at a given point in time?
Incidence
Prevalence
Mortality
Morbidity
#11
Which of the following is NOT a measure of central tendency?
#12
What is the term for the ratio of the number of events to the population at risk during a specified time period?
Prevalence
Incidence rate
Mortality rate
Morbidity rate
#13
What is the term for the systematic review and evaluation of health-related data and sources?
Meta-analysis
Case-control study
Randomized controlled trial
Cross-sectional study
#14
What is the term for the process of identifying and investigating the cause of disease outbreaks or clusters?
Case-control study
Randomized controlled trial
Epidemiological surveillance
Outbreak investigation
#15
Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to health disparities?
Socioeconomic status
Access to healthcare
Genetic predisposition
Environmental factors
#16
What is the term for the proportion of people with a particular disease who die from the disease within a specified period?
Mortality rate
Case fatality rate
Incidence rate
Prevalence rate
#17
Which of the following best describes 'reservoir' in epidemiology?
The host from which the infectious agent is acquired by another host
A laboratory container used to store samples
The natural habitat where the infectious agent lives and multiplies
The body's defense against infectious agents
#18
What is the term for the proportion of people who are at risk of developing a disease and actually develop the disease over a specified period?
Incidence rate
Prevalence rate
Case fatality rate
Attack rate
#19
Which of the following is NOT a type of study design commonly used in epidemiology?
Cross-sectional study
Case series
Randomized controlled trial
Descriptive study
#20
What does the term 'vector' refer to in epidemiology?
An infectious agent that causes disease
An organism that transmits disease from one host to another
A type of statistical analysis used in epidemiological studies
A method of disease prevention
#21
Which of the following best describes 'herd immunity'?
A form of immunity achieved when a sufficient portion of a population is vaccinated against a disease
A disease that is transmitted from animals to humans
A method of controlling infectious diseases using antibiotics
A type of immunodeficiency disorder
#22
What is the primary mode of transmission for the Ebola virus?
Airborne
Foodborne
Sexual contact
Direct contact with bodily fluids
#23
Which of the following is a measure of association used in epidemiology to quantify the strength of a relationship between two variables?
Standard deviation
Confidence interval
Odds ratio
Chi-square test
#24
What is the term for the systematic error introduced into epidemiological studies due to differences between the study population and the general population?
Bias
Confounding
Randomization
Hypothesis