#1
Which theory of emotion suggests that physiological arousal precedes the experience of emotion?
James-Lange theory
Cannon-Bard theory
Schachter-Singer theory
Facial feedback hypothesis
#2
Which neurotransmitter is commonly associated with pleasure and reward, playing a role in motivation?
Dopamine
Serotonin
Acetylcholine
Norepinephrine
#3
Which brain structure is crucial for the experience and regulation of fear?
Hippocampus
Prefrontal cortex
Thalamus
Amygdala
#4
Which of the following is a primary emotion according to Paul Ekman's theory of basic emotions?
Envy
Jealousy
Surprise
Contempt
#5
What is the term for the psychological theory that emphasizes the role of unconscious conflicts in shaping behavior and personality?
Behaviorism
Humanism
Psychoanalysis
Cognitive psychology
#6
What is the primary function of the amygdala in emotion processing?
Regulating hunger
Processing visual information
Storing long-term memories
Evaluating emotional significance of stimuli
#7
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which need must be satisfied first before an individual can move on to fulfill higher-level needs?
Esteem needs
Self-actualization needs
Safety needs
Belongingness and love needs
#8
What is the primary difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?
Intrinsic motivation is based on external rewards, while extrinsic motivation comes from within oneself.
Extrinsic motivation is driven by personal interests, while intrinsic motivation is influenced by external factors.
Intrinsic motivation arises from within oneself, while extrinsic motivation is based on external rewards or punishments.
Extrinsic motivation is characterized by a sense of accomplishment, while intrinsic motivation is driven by social recognition.
#9
Which emotion regulation strategy involves reinterpreting an emotionally arousing situation in a way that alters its emotional impact?
Suppression
Rumination
Reappraisal
Distraction
#10
What is the term for the psychological state that occurs when there is a discrepancy between an individual's attitudes and behaviors?
Social loafing
Cognitive dissonance
Groupthink
Deindividuation
#11
Which motivation theory proposes that behavior is driven by the desire to maintain a state of physiological balance, known as homeostasis?
Drive reduction theory
Incentive theory
Hierarchy of needs theory
Expectancy theory
#12
What is the term for the tendency to overestimate the intensity and duration of one's emotional reactions to future negative events?
Affective forecasting
Emotional dysregulation
Cognitive dissonance
Rationalization
#13
According to the Yerkes-Dodson law, what relationship exists between arousal and performance?
Arousal and performance have a linear relationship.
Arousal enhances performance until an optimal level is reached, after which further arousal impairs performance.
Arousal always impairs performance regardless of the task.
Arousal has no impact on performance.
#14
Which motivational theory proposes that individuals are motivated by the desire to fulfill innate psychological needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness?
Self-determination theory
Drive reduction theory
Two-factor theory
Hierarchy of needs theory
#15
According to the opponent-process theory, what happens when an emotion is experienced for an extended period?
The intensity of the emotion decreases over time.
The intensity of the emotion increases over time.
The body adapts to the emotion, and its opposite emotion becomes more prominent.
The emotional response becomes more unpredictable.