#1
Which process results in the formation of gametes?
Mitosis
Meiosis
Binary fission
Budding
#2
During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
Prophase
Metaphase
Interphase
Anaphase
#3
What is the name of the process where mRNA is synthesized from a DNA template?
Transcription
Translation
Replication
Transformation
#4
Which of the following is a characteristic of sexual reproduction?
Produces offspring genetically identical to parents
Involves the fusion of gametes
Occurs through binary fission
Results in clones
#5
Which of the following is a characteristic of asexual reproduction?
Results in genetic variation
Involves the fusion of gametes
Occurs through meiosis
Results in offspring genetically identical to the parent
#6
In which phase of mitosis do the sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles?
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
#7
Which of the following cells undergo meiosis in humans?
Somatic cells
Germ cells
Muscle cells
Blood cells
#8
What is the significance of crossing over during meiosis?
It increases the number of chromosomes
It reduces genetic variation
It increases genetic variability
It maintains homogeneity
#9
Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication?
DNA polymerase
Helicase
RNA polymerase
Ligase
#10
What is the name of the process where homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material?
Crossing over
Duplication
Translocation
Segregation
#11
What is the function of the spindle fibers during cell division?
To form the cell plate
To pull sister chromatids apart
To produce ATP
To synthesize DNA
#12
Which of the following is true about telomeres?
They contain genes responsible for protein synthesis
They are found at the center of chromosomes
They prevent chromosomes from sticking together
They protect the ends of chromosomes from degradation
#13
Which of the following describes aneuploidy?
A cell has an extra chromosome
A cell has a missing chromosome pair
A cell has a normal chromosome number
A cell has extra organelles
#14
Which of the following is a result of nondisjunction?
Down syndrome
Hemophilia
Cystic fibrosis
Sickle cell anemia
#15
What is the main purpose of genetic recombination during meiosis?
To prevent mutations
To increase genetic diversity
To reduce the number of chromosomes
To form identical gametes
#16
What is the significance of independent assortment during meiosis?
It ensures that homologous chromosomes pair correctly
It reduces the number of chromosomes in gametes
It increases the likelihood of genetic variation
It prevents mutations
#17
Which of the following events occurs during prophase I of meiosis?
Homologous chromosomes separate
Crossing over occurs
Sister chromatids separate
Nuclear envelope reforms
#18
Which of the following is a characteristic of polyploidy?
Having an extra set of chromosomes
Having only one set of chromosomes
Having fewer chromosomes than normal
Having abnormal chromosome structure