Cellular Reproduction and Genetic Variability Quiz

Meiosis is the cell division process that produces gametes, such as sperm and egg cells.

DNA replication occurs during the interphase, specifically in the S phase.

Transcription is the process where mRNA is synthesized from a DNA template, enabling protein synthesis.

Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of gametes, promoting genetic diversity.

Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent.

During anaphase of mitosis, sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell.

Meiosis occurs in germ cells, leading to the formation of haploid gametes.

Crossing over in meiosis results in the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes, enhancing genetic diversity.

Helicase is the enzyme that unwinds the DNA double helix, allowing for replication.

Crossing over is the process in meiosis where homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material, contributing to genetic diversity.

Spindle fibers play a crucial role in pulling sister chromatids apart during cell division.

Telomeres protect the ends of chromosomes from degradation and maintain genomic stability.

Aneuploidy refers to a condition where a cell has an abnormal number of chromosomes, either missing or extra.

Nondisjunction can lead to abnormal chromosome numbers, such as in Down syndrome.

Genetic recombination in meiosis enhances genetic diversity by shuffling genetic material.

Independent assortment during meiosis increases the likelihood of genetic variation by randomly sorting homologous chromosomes.

Crossing over between homologous chromosomes occurs during prophase I of meiosis.

Polyploidy is characterized by having an extra set of chromosomes.