#1
Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement in the classroom?
Giving extra homework as a punishment
Providing a sticker for completing tasks
Taking away recess time for misbehavior
Yelling at a student for not paying attention
#2
Which of the following is an example of intrinsic motivation in an educational setting?
A student studying hard to impress their parents
A student reading a book because they enjoy learning
A student participating in class to avoid punishment
A student completing homework for a reward
#3
What is the term for the theory that individuals learn by observing others' behaviors and the consequences of those behaviors?
Operant conditioning
Classical conditioning
Social learning theory
Cognitive development theory
#4
In the context of education, what does 'scaffolding' refer to?
Building physical structures in schools
Providing temporary support to help students learn new concepts
Using ladders in classrooms
Encouraging students to work independently without assistance
#5
Which psychologist is associated with the theory of multiple intelligences?
B.F. Skinner
Albert Bandura
Howard Gardner
Jean Piaget
#6
What is the term for the psychological phenomenon where individuals experience anxiety when their abilities are not in balance with the task demands?
Self-actualization
Flow
Zone of proximal development
Cognitive dissonance
#7
Which instructional strategy involves breaking down complex tasks into smaller, more manageable steps?
Differentiated instruction
Direct instruction
Task analysis
Reciprocal teaching
#8
Who proposed the theory of cognitive development that suggests children construct their understanding of the world through their experiences?
Albert Bandura
Lev Vygotsky
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson
#9
Which of the following is an example of a cognitive-behavioral intervention used to address disruptive behavior in the classroom?
Timeouts
Physical restraint
Verbal reprimands
Cognitive restructuring
#10
What is the concept in psychology that suggests people are motivated to fulfill their potential?
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Behaviorism
Psychodynamic theory
Functionalism
#11
What term describes the tendency for individuals to perform better when they know they are being observed?
Confirmation bias
Observer effect
Hawthorne effect
Social desirability bias
#12
What term is used to describe the process of reinforcing successive approximations of a desired behavior until the desired behavior is achieved?
Chaining
Shaping
Modeling
Extinction
#13
Who is best known for his research on the impact of cultural factors on cognitive development?
Lev Vygotsky
Urie Bronfenbrenner
Jerome Bruner
Lev Semenovich Vygotsky
#14
Which of the following is a strategy to promote self-regulated learning?
Providing direct instruction
Using external rewards as motivation
Encouraging students to set goals and monitor their progress
Praising students for high achievement
#15
Which of the following best describes 'metacognition'?
Understanding of one's own emotions
Awareness and understanding of one's thought processes
Understanding of other people's thoughts and feelings
Ability to regulate one's behavior
#16
What is the term for the psychological phenomenon where individuals are more likely to remember items at the beginning and end of a list?
Recency effect
Primacy effect
Serial position effect
Chunking