#1
Which of the following is a common cause of hypovolemic shock?
Massive infection
Massive bleeding
Heart attack
Neurological disorder
#2
Which of the following is NOT a stage of shock according to the traditional model?
Compensatory
Progressive
Regressive
Irreversible
#3
What is the main objective of treatment in shock?
To decrease blood pressure
To increase heart rate
To restore tissue perfusion
To reduce oxygen delivery
#4
Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of shock?
Hypotension
Hypernatremia
Hyperthermia
Hyperkalemia
#5
What is the most common cause of cardiogenic shock?
Severe dehydration
Myocardial infarction
Severe allergic reaction
Lung infection
#6
Which of the following hormones is released during shock to increase heart rate and contractility?
Insulin
Glucagon
Cortisol
Epinephrine
#7
What is the primary cause of distributive shock?
Hypovolemia
Sepsis
Hemorrhage
Cardiac failure
#8
Which of the following is a characteristic of cardiogenic shock?
Increased cardiac output
Decreased preload
Elevated systemic vascular resistance
Decreased myocardial oxygen demand
#9
Which of the following is a potential complication of shock?
Hypertension
Acidosis
Hyperglycemia
Hyponatremia
#10
What is the hallmark sign of neurogenic shock?
Bradycardia
Hypertension
Tachycardia
Hypotension
#11
In septic shock, what is the primary source of infection?
Respiratory tract
Urinary tract
Gastrointestinal tract
Varies depending on the patient
#12
Which of the following types of shock involves a sudden and severe allergic reaction?
Neurogenic shock
Cardiogenic shock
Anaphylactic shock
Septic shock
#13
Which of the following statements about obstructive shock is true?
It is caused by loss of blood volume
It results from impaired cardiac function
It occurs due to obstruction of blood flow
It involves dysfunction of the vascular system
#14
What is the key difference between distributive shock and cardiogenic shock?
Presence of infection
Mechanism of impaired tissue perfusion
Location of the obstructive lesion
Response to fluid resuscitation
#15
Which of the following is a sign of irreversible shock?
Tachycardia
Normal urine output
Normal mental status
Metabolic alkalosis
#16
Which of the following is a treatment option for distributive shock?
Fluid restriction
Corticosteroid therapy
Sedative administration
Beta-blocker administration
#17
What is the primary difference between hypovolemic shock and cardiogenic shock?
Presence of infection
Mechanism of impaired tissue perfusion
Etiology of decreased preload
Response to vasopressors