#1
Which of the following is a hallmark sign of septic shock?
Hypertension
Hyperthermia
Hypothermia
Hypoglycemia
#2
What is the primary goal of treatment for shock?
Restore normal blood pressure
Correct the underlying cause
Increase urinary output
Administer antibiotics
#3
Which of the following statements regarding shock is true?
Hypovolemic shock is characterized by excess fluid volume
Anaphylactic shock is caused by a bacterial infection
Distributive shock is characterized by decreased vascular resistance
Cardiogenic shock is caused by severe dehydration
#4
Which of the following is a symptom of shock?
Hypertension
Bradycardia
Hyperglycemia
Tachypnea
#5
What is the primary goal of fluid resuscitation in shock?
To increase cardiac output
To restore normal blood pressure
To decrease urine output
To reduce heart rate
#6
Which of the following is a common cause of hypovolemic shock?
Heart failure
Severe burns
Anaphylaxis
Pulmonary embolism
#7
Which of the following best describes the initial response in the compensatory stage of shock?
Increased heart rate and vasoconstriction
Hypotension and bradycardia
Decreased cardiac output and vasodilation
Increased urinary output and confusion
#8
Which of the following is a key feature of cardiogenic shock?
Increased cardiac output
Low pulmonary artery wedge pressure
Elevated central venous pressure
Normal myocardial function
#9
Which of the following is a potential complication of shock?
Hypernatremia
Hyperkalemia
Hypercalcemia
Hypercapnia
#10
Which of the following is a potential cause of obstructive shock?
Severe allergic reaction
Massive pulmonary embolism
Dehydration
Acute myocardial infarction
#11
What is the role of lactate levels in assessing shock?
To assess renal function
To measure liver enzyme activity
To evaluate tissue perfusion
To monitor electrolyte imbalance
#12
Which of the following is a common sign of shock in children?
Bradycardia
Increased urinary output
Mottled skin
Hypertension
#13
Which of the following is a characteristic of distributive shock?
Massive blood loss
Pulmonary embolism
Peripheral vasodilation
Severe dehydration
#14
In neurogenic shock, what causes the loss of sympathetic tone?
Brain injury
Spinal cord injury
Hormonal imbalance
Severe pain
#15
What is the primary mechanism of action of vasopressors in treating shock?
Decrease heart rate
Increase preload
Increase afterload
Decrease contractility
#16
What is the main difference between septic shock and other forms of shock?
Septic shock does not involve an infectious process
Septic shock results from an uncontrolled inflammatory response
Septic shock is primarily caused by trauma
Septic shock is not associated with organ dysfunction
#17
Which of the following is a characteristic of the irreversible stage of shock?
Reversible organ dysfunction
Decreased lactate levels
Restoration of blood pressure with fluids
Multiple organ failure
#18
What is the primary determinant of tissue perfusion in shock?
Heart rate
Blood pressure
Cardiac output
Capillary refill time
#19
How does septic shock differ from sepsis?
Septic shock is a more severe form of sepsis
Sepsis is caused by a virus, while septic shock is caused by bacteria
Sepsis is characterized by a lack of inflammatory response
Septic shock does not involve infection