#1
Which of the following is a characteristic of tension pneumothorax?
Gradual onset of symptoms
Decreased tracheal deviation
Hypotension
Decreased heart rate
#2
What is the first-line treatment for tension pneumothorax?
Chest physiotherapy
Bronchodilators
Needle decompression
Intravenous fluids
#3
Which of the following symptoms is typically associated with tension pneumothorax?
Chest pain exacerbated by inspiration
Hemoptysis
Hypertension
Sudden onset dyspnea
#4
What is the typical position of the trachea in tension pneumothorax?
Midline
Deviation away from the affected side
Deviation toward the affected side
Oblique
#5
Which of the following is a common presenting symptom of tension pneumothorax?
Hemoptysis
Chest tightness
Pleuritic chest pain
Nausea and vomiting
#6
Which of the following is a late sign of tension pneumothorax?
Hypotension
Tachypnea
Tracheal deviation
Subcutaneous emphysema
#7
Which thoracic landmark is typically used for needle decompression in tension pneumothorax?
Mid-clavicular line at the 2nd intercostal space
Mid-axillary line at the 4th intercostal space
Mid-scapular line at the 5th intercostal space
Parasternal line at the 3rd intercostal space
#8
Which of the following is a key feature of tension pneumothorax on chest X-ray?
Decreased lung volume on the affected side
Increased lung markings on the affected side
Shift of the mediastinum away from the affected side
Presence of pleural effusion
#9
What is the primary mechanism leading to tension pneumothorax?
Rupture of a bronchus
Spontaneous rupture of the lung
Accumulation of air within the pleural space
Compression of the heart by a large pneumothorax
#10
What is the primary goal of treatment in tension pneumothorax?
To restore normal lung function
To prevent recurrence of pneumothorax
To relieve pressure on the heart and lungs
To reduce the risk of infection
#11
What is the definitive treatment for tension pneumothorax?
Chest tube insertion
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
High-flow oxygen therapy
Non-invasive ventilation (NIV)
#12
Which of the following is a classic clinical finding in tension pneumothorax?
Normal breath sounds on auscultation
Hyperresonance to percussion over the affected side
Equal chest expansion bilaterally
Decreased tactile fremitus over the affected side
#13
Which of the following is a potential complication of needle decompression in tension pneumothorax?
Hemoptysis
Pulmonary embolism
Subcutaneous emphysema
Re-expansion pulmonary edema
#14
What is the immediate consequence of tension pneumothorax on cardiac function?
Decreased preload
Increased afterload
Decreased contractility
Increased stroke volume
#15
What is the primary underlying mechanism that leads to respiratory compromise in tension pneumothorax?
Alveolar collapse
Impaired gas exchange
Compression of lung parenchyma and mediastinal structures
Pulmonary embolism