#1
Which of the following is a function of the kidneys?
Production of insulin
Production of bile
Regulation of blood pressure
Digestion of proteins
#2
What is the primary function of the urinary system?
Regulation of body temperature
Production of hormones
Removal of metabolic waste
Digestion of carbohydrates
#3
What is the primary function of the ureters?
Storage of urine
Filtration of blood
Transport of urine to the bladder
Reabsorption of water
#4
What is the medical term for painful or difficult urination?
Hematuria
Dysuria
Pyuria
Oliguria
#5
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for developing kidney stones?
Dehydration
Obesity
High dietary intake of calcium
Low dietary intake of sodium
#6
What is the primary function of the glomerulus?
Reabsorption of water and electrolytes
Filtration of blood
Secretion of waste products
Storage of urine
#7
Which of the following is a symptom of kidney stones?
Persistent cough
Hypertension
Severe abdominal pain
Visual disturbances
#8
What is the medical term for blood in the urine?
Hematuria
Dysuria
Pyuria
Oliguria
#9
Which of the following is a risk factor for developing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in females?
Smoking
High-fiber diet
Short urethra
Regular hydration
#10
Which hormone regulates the reabsorption of water in the kidneys?
Insulin
Aldosterone
Glucagon
Estrogen
#11
What is the main function of the renal pelvis?
Production of erythropoietin
Filtration of blood
Storage of urine
Transport of urine to the bladder
#12
Which of the following conditions is characterized by the formation of cysts in the kidneys?
Glomerulonephritis
Nephrotic syndrome
Polycystic kidney disease
Renal calculi
#13
Which condition is characterized by the inflammation of the kidneys' filtering units?
Nephrolithiasis
Pyelonephritis
Glomerulonephritis
Polycystic kidney disease
#14
Which of the following conditions is characterized by excessive protein in the urine?
Glomerulonephritis
Nephrotic syndrome
Polycystic kidney disease
Renal calculi
#15
What is the most common cause of acute renal failure?
Severe dehydration
Ingestion of heavy metals
Urinary tract infection
Decreased blood flow to the kidneys
#16
Which imaging technique is commonly used to diagnose renal artery stenosis?
CT scan
MRI
Ultrasound
Angiography
#17
Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of diabetic nephropathy?
Painful urination
Polyuria
Proteinuria
Hematuria