#1
Which psychologist is known for proposing the theory of operant conditioning?
Albert Bandura
Jean Piaget
B.F. Skinner
Lev Vygotsky
#2
Who proposed the theory of social learning, emphasizing the role of observation and modeling in learning?
Albert Bandura
Ivan Pavlov
Sigmund Freud
Erik Erikson
#3
Who is known for the theory of cognitive development, which includes stages such as sensorimotor, preoperational, and concrete operational?
Albert Bandura
Jean Piaget
Lev Vygotsky
B.F. Skinner
#4
Who introduced the concept of 'vicarious reinforcement' in social learning theory?
Jean Piaget
Albert Bandura
B.F. Skinner
Lev Vygotsky
#5
Who proposed the theory of cognitive apprenticeship, emphasizing learning through guided participation in real-world tasks?
Albert Bandura
Jean Piaget
Lev Vygotsky
Allan Collins
#6
In cognitive learning theory, what does the term 'schema' refer to?
A type of reinforcement
A mental framework for organizing information
A method for solving problems
A type of cognitive bias
#7
Which of the following best describes 'chunking' in the context of cognitive psychology?
Breaking down information into smaller parts
Combining information into meaningful groups
Ignoring irrelevant information
Recalling information from long-term memory
#8
According to the principle of cognitive load theory, which of the following is an example of extraneous cognitive load?
The complexity of the learning material
The learner's prior knowledge
The relevance of the learning task
Distractions in the learning environment
#9
What concept in cognitive psychology refers to the tendency to favor information that confirms pre-existing beliefs or hypotheses?
Confirmation bias
Cognitive dissonance
Availability heuristic
Anchoring effect
#10
Which of the following best describes the concept of 'elaboration' in cognitive psychology?
Simplifying complex information
Creating connections between new and existing information
Repeating information multiple times for better retention
Retrieving information from long-term memory
#11
What is the term for the tendency to attribute one's own thoughts and feelings to others?
Theory of mind
Projection
Perspective-taking
Empathy
#12
According to the dual-coding theory, which types of representations are used in cognitive processing?
Verbal and visual
Auditory and tactile
Emotional and spatial
Logical and intuitive
#13
What is the primary focus of the information processing approach to cognitive learning?
The role of reinforcement in learning
The structure and function of the human brain
The mental processes involved in learning, memory, and problem-solving
The impact of social interactions on learning
#14
Which cognitive process involves the mental manipulation and transformation of information to reach a conclusion?
Encoding
Retrieval
Metacognition
Reasoning
#15
In the context of cognitive learning, what does the term 'metacognition' refer to?
The process of acquiring new knowledge
The ability to regulate one's own thinking and learning processes
The formation of mental schemas
The role of unconscious thoughts in decision-making
#16
According to the levels-of-processing model, which of the following results in better memory retention?
Shallow processing
Repetitive processing
Deep processing
Quick processing
#17
What is the primary focus of the constructivist approach to cognitive learning?
The role of reinforcement in learning
The impact of social interactions on learning
The process of actively constructing knowledge and understanding
The structure and function of the human brain