#1
Which court case established the principle of judicial review in the United States?
Brown v. Board of Education
Roe v. Wade
Marbury v. Madison
Gideon v. Wainwright
#2
What does judicial review refer to?
The process of reviewing laws passed by the legislative branch
The power of the judiciary to interpret the Constitution and overturn laws or actions inconsistent with it
The review of judicial decisions by higher courts
The evaluation of judges' performance by judicial oversight bodies
#3
What is the primary purpose of judicial review?
To create new laws
To enforce existing laws
To interpret the Constitution
To administer justice in criminal cases
#4
Which of the following is NOT a criterion for judicial review?
Constitutionality
Consistency with international law
Legislative intent
Procedural regularity
#5
Which branch of government typically enacts laws subject to judicial review?
Executive Branch
Legislative Branch
Judicial Branch
Administrative Branch
#6
What is the term for a legal case that does not present a live controversy?
Moot
Amicus
Dissent
Subpoena
#7
Who typically has the authority to exercise judicial review in a country with a common law legal system?
The President
The Parliament
The Supreme Court or a similar highest court
The Attorney General
#8
In which landmark case did the U.S. Supreme Court first exercise its power of judicial review?
Dred Scott v. Sandford
Plessy v. Ferguson
McCulloch v. Maryland
Marbury v. Madison
#9
In which country was the concept of judicial review first articulated?
France
England
United States
Germany
#10
What is the role of stare decisis in judicial review?
It allows courts to overturn precedents set by higher courts
It encourages courts to adhere to precedent and respect established decisions
It limits the power of judicial review to only certain types of cases
It applies only to administrative decisions, not legislative actions
#11
In what year was the concept of judicial review formally established in the United States?
#12
Which doctrine suggests that the judiciary should generally defer to decisions made by the legislative and executive branches?
Doctrine of Necessity
Doctrine of Incompatibility
Doctrine of Separation of Powers
Doctrine of Political Question
#13
What is the concept of 'judicial activism' in the context of judicial review?
The tendency of judges to defer to the decisions of elected officials
The belief that judges should strictly interpret the law without considering societal changes
The practice of judges overturning laws or governmental actions based on their interpretation of the Constitution
The tendency of judges to avoid controversial cases
#14
Which of the following is an example of a judicial review power that is not explicitly written in the Constitution?
The power to impeach federal judges
The power to grant pardons
The power to declare laws unconstitutional
The power to ratify treaties
#15
What is the term used to describe a court order requiring a person to do or refrain from doing a specific act?
Mandamus
Habeas Corpus
Subpoena
Writ of Certiorari
#16
In what type of case does the U.S. Supreme Court have original jurisdiction?
Cases involving ambassadors
Cases involving treaties
Cases involving state governments
Cases involving federal crimes
#17
In the United States, which branch of government has the authority to confirm judicial appointments?
Executive Branch
Legislative Branch
Judicial Branch
Administrative Branch