Human Heredity and Genetics Quiz

Test your understanding of genes, chromosomes, & inheritance with 17 questions. Learn about DNA, alleles, & genetic disorders.

#1

Which molecule carries genetic information in humans?

Protein
RNA
DNA
Carbohydrate
#2

What is the term for alternative forms of a gene?

Chromosome
Trait
Allele
Mutation
#3

Which scientist is credited with proposing the double helix structure of DNA?

Charles Darwin
Gregor Mendel
James Watson
Francis Crick
#4

What is the term for a genetic trait that is expressed only in the homozygous condition?

Recessive
Dominant
Incomplete
Codominant
#5

Which scientist first proposed the laws of inheritance?

Charles Darwin
Gregor Mendel
Thomas Hunt Morgan
Francis Crick
#6

What is the term for the observable characteristics of an organism?

Genotype
Phenotype
Homozygous
Heterozygous
#7

Which of the following genetic disorders is caused by a trisomy of chromosome 21?

Huntington's disease
Cystic fibrosis
Down syndrome
Hemophilia
#8

What is the term for the specific location of a gene on a chromosome?

Genotype
Phenotype
Locus
Haplotype
#9

Which genetic disorder results from the absence of an enzyme responsible for breaking down lipids?

Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Cystic fibrosis
Tay-Sachs disease
Gaucher disease
#10

What is the term for a change in the DNA sequence that leads to a different protein being produced?

Allele
Mutation
Translocation
Crossing-over
#11

Which of the following genetic disorders is caused by the presence of an extra X chromosome in males?

Turner syndrome
Klinefelter syndrome
Down syndrome
Cri du chat syndrome
#12

What is the term for the process by which a segment of a chromosome breaks off and attaches to a different chromosome?

Duplication
Deletion
Inversion
Translocation
#13

What process results in the formation of gametes?

Mitosis
Fertilization
Meiosis
Binary fission
#14

In humans, what is the sex chromosome composition of a female?

XX
XY
YY
XXY
#15

In humans, what is the genotype of a male individual?

XX
XY
YY
XXY
#16

What is the term for the observable characteristics resulting from the interaction of genotype and environment?

Genotype
Phenotype
Homozygous
Heterozygous
#17

In humans, which chromosome determines the sex of an individual?

Autosomal chromosome
Chromosome 21
Y chromosome
X chromosome

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