Human Heredity and Genetics Quiz

DNA carries genetic information in humans.

Allele refers to alternative forms of a gene.

Francis Crick is credited with proposing the double helix structure of DNA.

Recessive traits are expressed only in the homozygous condition.

Gregor Mendel first proposed the laws of inheritance.

Phenotype refers to the observable characteristics of an organism.

DNA carries the instructions for making proteins.

Heterozygous cross refers to a mating between two individuals with different genotypes for a given trait.

Transcription is responsible for the production of mRNA from DNA.

Recessive allele is masked by a dominant allele.

Down syndrome is caused by a trisomy of chromosome 21.

Locus refers to the specific location of a gene on a chromosome.

Tay-Sachs disease results from the absence of an enzyme responsible for breaking down lipids.

Mutation refers to a change in the DNA sequence leading to a different protein being produced.

Klinefelter syndrome is caused by the presence of an extra X chromosome in males.

Translocation refers to the process by which a segment of a chromosome breaks off and attaches to a different chromosome.

Albinism is characterized by the absence of melanin production.

Pleiotropy refers to the phenomenon where one gene influences multiple traits.

Phenylketonuria (PKU) results from the inability to properly metabolize phenylalanine.

Polygenic trait is determined by the interaction of multiple genes.

Meiosis results in the formation of gametes.

In humans, females have a sex chromosome composition of XX.

In humans, the genotype of a male individual is XY.

Phenotype refers to the observable characteristics resulting from the interaction of genotype and environment.

In humans, the X chromosome determines the sex of an individual.