#1
According to psychoanalytic theory, which stage is associated with the Oedipus complex in boys?
Latency stage
Genital stage
Phallic stage
Anal stage
#2
Who proposed the social learning theory, emphasizing the role of observation and imitation in gender development?
Sigmund Freud
Jean Piaget
Albert Bandura
Lawrence Kohlberg
#3
What does the term 'androgyny' refer to in the context of gender?
Having both masculine and feminine characteristics
Identifying as neither male nor female
Conforming strictly to traditional gender roles
Experiencing gender dysphoria
#4
What is the term for the psychological distress caused by a discrepancy between an individual's gender identity and their sex assigned at birth?
Gender dysphoria
Gender identity disorder
Transgenderism
Sexual orientation
#5
In the context of gender development, what does the term 'gender role socialization' refer to?
The process by which individuals learn the behaviors, attitudes, and expectations associated with being male or female
The biological factors that influence gender identity
The development of gender dysphoria during adolescence
The expression of androgynous traits in individuals
#6
Which theory suggests that children actively construct their understanding of gender through their interactions with the social environment?
Social learning theory
Cognitive development theory
Gender schema theory
Psychoanalytic theory
#7
In the context of gender development, what does the term 'gender constancy' refer to?
Understanding that gender remains consistent over time
The belief that gender can change based on appearance
Acceptance of societal gender norms
Development of gender identity during adolescence
#8
According to the biosocial theory of gender development, what role does biology play?
It determines all aspects of gender identity
It interacts with environmental influences to shape gender development
It has no significant impact on gender development
It solely determines gender roles
#9
Which perspective emphasizes the importance of socialization in shaping gender roles and behaviors?
Evolutionary perspective
Cognitive perspective
Sociocultural perspective
Biological perspective
#10
Which theory suggests that gender identity develops through a process of identification with the same-sex parent?
Social learning theory
Gender schema theory
Psychoanalytic theory
Cognitive development theory
#11
Which perspective on gender development emphasizes the importance of cultural and societal influences?
Evolutionary perspective
Biological perspective
Sociocultural perspective
Psychodynamic perspective
#12
Who proposed the theory of gender performativity, suggesting that gender is a repeated performance rather than an inherent trait?
Sandra Bem
Judith Butler
Nancy Chodorow
Carol Gilligan
#13
According to the evolutionary perspective, what is the primary purpose of gender differences in behavior?
To maintain power dynamics within societies
To enhance communication between genders
To ensure reproductive success
To promote social equality
#14
Who introduced the concept of the 'gender similarities hypothesis,' suggesting that men and women are more similar than different in terms of psychological traits and abilities?
Carol Gilligan
Sandra Bem
Judith Butler
Janet Shibley Hyde
#15
Who developed the concept of 'gender polarization,' suggesting that individuals tend to exaggerate gender differences in order to conform to societal norms?
Sandra Bem
Judith Butler
Nancy Chodorow
Carol Gilligan