#1
What is the primary goal of behavior modification?
To punish individuals for their actions
To understand the underlying psychological issues
To change or modify behavior
To promote self-awareness
#2
What is the primary focus of applied behavior analysis (ABA)?
Studying dream analysis
Understanding existentialism
Changing observable behavior
Exploring psychoanalysis
#3
In behavior modification, what is the purpose of a token economy?
Breaking complex behaviors into smaller steps
Gradually reducing reinforcement
Using symbolic rewards to reinforce behavior
Applying systematic desensitization
#4
What is the term for the process of reinforcing behavior each time it occurs?
Partial reinforcement
Continuous reinforcement
Consistent reinforcement
Total reinforcement
#5
Which technique involves reinforcing successive approximations of a desired behavior to teach a new behavior?
Token economy
Shaping
Systematic desensitization
Modeling
#6
Which of the following is a key principle of behavior modification?
Psychoanalysis
Reinforcement
Dream analysis
Existentialism
#7
In behavior modification, what does 'positive reinforcement' involve?
Adding a pleasant stimulus to increase a behavior
Removing an unpleasant stimulus to decrease a behavior
Adding an unpleasant stimulus to decrease a behavior
Removing a pleasant stimulus to increase a behavior
#8
In behavior modification, what does 'negative punishment' involve?
Adding a pleasant stimulus to increase a behavior
Removing an unpleasant stimulus to decrease a behavior
Adding an unpleasant stimulus to decrease a behavior
Removing a pleasant stimulus to increase a behavior
#9
Which type of reinforcement involves presenting a stimulus after a behavior to decrease the likelihood of that behavior happening again?
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Punishment
Extinction
#10
Which reinforcement schedule is characterized by reinforcing a behavior after a fixed number of responses?
Fixed-interval schedule
Variable-interval schedule
Fixed-ratio schedule
Variable-ratio schedule
#11
What is the term for the process of gradually reducing reinforcement to encourage independent behavior?
Shaping
Extinction
Modeling
Generalization
#12
Which behavior modification technique involves breaking a complex behavior into smaller, manageable steps?
Chaining
Prompting
Token economy
Systematic desensitization
#13
Which term is used to describe the process of reinforcing behaviors that are increasingly similar to the desired behavior?
Prompting
Shaping
Modeling
Token economy
#14
What is a critical aspect of successful behavior modification programs?
Relying solely on punishment
Consistency in applying reinforcement
Avoiding systematic desensitization
Ignoring individual differences
#15
Which concept refers to the tendency for a behavior that is reinforced in one situation to occur in other similar situations?
Generalization
Discrimination
Extinction
Token economy