#1
Which term refers to the weakening or disappearance of a behavior through the removal of reinforcement?
Punishment
Extinction
Reinforcement
Generalization
#2
In behavior modification, what does the term 'punishment' involve?
Strengthening a behavior
Weakening a behavior
Ignoring a behavior
Rewarding a behavior
#3
What is the term for reinforcing a behavior each time it occurs?
Continuous reinforcement
Partial reinforcement
Fixed-ratio reinforcement
Variable-ratio reinforcement
#4
Which type of reinforcement involves reinforcing a behavior after a fixed time interval has passed?
Fixed-ratio reinforcement
Variable-ratio reinforcement
Fixed-interval reinforcement
Variable-interval reinforcement
#5
Which type of reinforcement involves reinforcing a behavior after a variable time interval has passed?
Fixed-ratio reinforcement
Variable-ratio reinforcement
Fixed-interval reinforcement
Variable-interval reinforcement
#6
What is the term for the process of reinforcing a behavior after a fixed amount of time has passed?
Fixed-ratio reinforcement
Variable-ratio reinforcement
Fixed-interval reinforcement
Variable-interval reinforcement
#7
In behavior modification, what does the term 'reinforcement' mean?
Weakening a behavior
Strengthening a behavior
Removing a behavior
Ignoring a behavior
#8
What is an example of positive reinforcement?
Adding a pleasant stimulus to increase a behavior
Removing an unpleasant stimulus to decrease a behavior
Adding an unpleasant stimulus to increase a behavior
Removing a pleasant stimulus to decrease a behavior
#9
What is the term for the reappearance of a previously extinguished behavior following a change in the environment or context?
Spontaneous recovery
Operant conditioning
Discrimination
Shaping
#10
Which type of reinforcement involves removing an aversive stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior occurring again?
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Punishment
Extinction
#11
Which type of reinforcement involves reinforcing a behavior after a variable number of responses?
Fixed-ratio reinforcement
Variable-ratio reinforcement
Fixed-interval reinforcement
Variable-interval reinforcement
#12
In the context of behavior modification, what is a 'discriminative stimulus'?
A stimulus signaling that reinforcement is available
A stimulus signaling punishment
A neutral stimulus
A punishment stimulus
#13
In the context of behavior extinction, what is spontaneous recovery?
Sudden extinction of behavior
Reappearance of extinguished behavior after a delay
Gradual decrease in behavior over time
Continuous reinforcement of behavior
#14
What is the primary goal of using extinction in behavior modification?
To increase the frequency of a behavior
To eliminate or reduce a behavior
To generalize a behavior to new situations
To punish undesirable behaviors
#15
In behavior modification, what is the purpose of using a 'token economy'?
To eliminate a behavior
To reinforce behaviors with tokens or points
To punish undesirable behaviors
To generalize behaviors across settings
#16
What is the term for the process of gradually shaping a complex behavior by reinforcing successive approximations of the target behavior?
Chaining
Discrimination
Shaping
Generalization
#17
What is the term for the tendency of a behavior to occur in the presence of stimuli similar to the original discriminative stimulus?
Spontaneous recovery
Generalization
Discrimination
Extinction
#18
In behavior modification, what is the term for the process of reinforcing behaviors that are increasingly similar to the target behavior?
Chaining
Shaping
Discrimination
Generalization