#1
In genetic research, what does the term 'genetic counseling' refer to?
Manipulating genes for desired traits
Providing information and support to individuals with or at risk of genetic disorders
Genetic testing of animals
Creating genetically modified organisms
#2
Which ethical principle highlights the importance of respecting individuals' right to make their own decisions in genetic research?
Justice
Beneficence
Autonomy
Non-maleficence
#3
In the context of genetic research, what does the term 'bioethics' encompass?
The use of genetic information for profit
The ethical implications of biological and medical advancements
Genetic modification of agricultural crops
Genetic counseling services
#4
Which principle of research ethics emphasizes fairness in the distribution of benefits and burdens of research among different groups?
Justice
Autonomy
Beneficence
Non-maleficence
#5
What is the primary purpose of obtaining informed consent in genetic research?
To collect more data
To ensure participants are aware of potential risks and benefits
To expedite the research process
To exclude certain participants
#6
Which legal framework is commonly used to protect the privacy of genetic information?
HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act)
FERPA (Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act)
SOC2 (Service Organization Control 2)
DMCA (Digital Millennium Copyright Act)
#7
What is the role of an Institutional Review Board (IRB) in genetic research?
To conduct genetic experiments
To ensure compliance with ethical standards and protect research participants
To develop genetic therapies
To market genetic products
#8
Which of the following is an example of a direct-to-consumer genetic testing service?
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
23andMe
World Health Organization (WHO)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
#9
What is the term for the intentional alteration of an individual's genetic makeup to prevent or treat disease?
Genetic counseling
Genetic engineering
Genetic discrimination
Genetic profiling
#10
What is the primary focus of the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) in the United States?
Regulating genetic research
Ensuring privacy of genetic information
Prohibiting genetic discrimination in employment and health insurance
Promoting genetic modification of organisms
#11
What is the term for the practice of using genetic information to make decisions about insurance coverage or employment?
Genetic discrimination
Genetic profiling
Genetic engineering
Genetic counseling
#12
What ethical principle emphasizes the importance of maximizing benefits and minimizing harm in genetic research?
Autonomy
Justice
Beneficence
Non-maleficence
#13
Which international declaration emphasizes the protection of human rights in genetic research?
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Geneva Conventions
Kyoto Protocol
Helsinki Declaration
#14
What is the term for the practice of using genetic information to select desired traits in offspring?
Genetic counseling
Eugenics
Genetic profiling
Gene therapy
#15
In genetic research, what does the term 'dual-use dilemma' refer to?
Simultaneous use of genetic technologies for medical and agricultural purposes
The use of genetic information for both therapeutic and enhancement purposes
Ethical concerns related to genetic data sharing
The potential misuse of genetic research for harmful purposes
#16
In the context of genetic research, what does the term 'pharmacogenomics' refer to?
The study of genetic variation in drug response
Genetic modification of plants for pharmaceutical purposes
The ethical considerations of genetic testing
The use of genetics in criminal investigations