Earth's Geology and Structure Quiz

Test your knowledge on Earth's layers, rocks, seismic waves, and geological processes. Find answers to questions on magma, seismic activity, tectonic plates, and more.

#1

Which layer of the Earth is the thinnest?

Crust
Mantle
Outer core
Inner core
#2

What is the process called where rocks break down into smaller pieces?

Erosion
Weathering
Sedimentation
Deposition
#3

Which mineral is commonly known as 'fool's gold'?

Pyrite
Quartz
Hematite
Galena
#4

Which type of rock forms from the alteration of pre-existing rock deep within the Earth's crust due to heat, pressure, and chemical processes?

Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
Volcanic
#5

Which mineral is the hardest naturally occurring substance on Earth?

Diamond
Quartz
Feldspar
Talc
#6

Which type of rock is formed by the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?

Sedimentary
Igneous
Metamorphic
Volcanic
#7

What is the approximate age of the Earth?

2.5 billion years
4.5 billion years
6.5 billion years
8.5 billion years
#8

What is the name of the supercontinent believed to have existed about 300 million years ago?

Pangaea
Gondwana
Laurasia
Rodinia
#9

What is the term for the bending of seismic waves as they pass from one material to another with different properties?

Refraction
Reflection
Diffraction
Interference
#10

What is the term for the breaking of a mineral along planes of weak bonding?

Cleavage
Fracture
Hardness
Streak
#11

Which seismic waves are the fastest and can travel through solids, liquids, and gases?

Primary (P) waves
Secondary (S) waves
Surface waves
Love waves
#12

Which type of seismic wave is responsible for causing the most destruction during an earthquake?

Primary (P) waves
Secondary (S) waves
Surface waves
Love waves

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