#1
In the context of crisis response, what does the term 'resilience' refer to?
The ability to effectively communicate during a crisis.
The ability to recover from adversity and adapt positively.
The ability to predict and prevent crises from occurring.
The ability to assign blame after a crisis has occurred.
#2
What is the 'fight or flight' response in social psychology?
A response to stressful situations that involves either confronting the stressor or fleeing from it.
A response characterized by freezing and feeling paralyzed in the face of danger.
A response to social rejection involving either aggressive behavior or withdrawal.
A response to cognitive dissonance involving either changing one's beliefs or ignoring the inconsistency.
#3
Which term refers to the tendency for people to conform to the behavior or opinions of others in a group?
Social loafing
Group polarization
Normative social influence
Groupthink
#4
What is cognitive dissonance in social psychology?
The tendency to remember past events more positively than they actually occurred.
The discomfort experienced when holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes.
The tendency to conform to the behavior of others in a group.
The attribution of one's successes to internal factors and failures to external factors.
#5
Which term refers to the process of changing one's attitudes or behaviors to align with a group's norms or expectations?
Social facilitation
Conformity
Compliance
Obedience
#6
Which term refers to the phenomenon where individuals exert less effort in a group task compared to when they are working alone?
Social loafing
Group polarization
Groupthink
Conformity
#7
Which term refers to the tendency to attribute the behavior of others to dispositional factors while ignoring situational factors?
Fundamental attribution error
Actor-observer bias
Self-serving bias
Confirmation bias
#8
What is the bystander effect in social psychology?
The tendency for individuals to feel less responsible to act when others are present.
The tendency to conform to a group's behavior or opinion.
The tendency for individuals to attribute their own behavior to external factors.
The tendency to overestimate the impact of internal factors and underestimate the influence of external factors.
#9
Which social psychological theory emphasizes the influence of situational factors over dispositional factors in explaining behavior?
Social identity theory
Cognitive dissonance theory
Attribution theory
Social learning theory
#10
Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing bystander intervention in an emergency situation?
The number of other people present
The perceived severity of the emergency
The personality traits of the bystander
The socioeconomic status of the victim
#11
What is the 'illusion of control' in social psychology?
The belief that one has control over random or uncontrollable events.
The tendency to attribute success to external factors and failure to internal factors.
The tendency to overestimate the likelihood of events that seem vivid or memorable.
The belief that one's actions do not significantly influence outcomes.
#12
Which term refers to the phenomenon where individuals in a group make riskier decisions than they would individually?
Group polarization
Social facilitation
Social loafing
Groupthink
#13
What is the 'just-world hypothesis' in social psychology?
The belief that people get what they deserve in life, leading to victim-blaming.
The tendency to attribute success to one's own abilities and effort.
The tendency to conform to the behavior of others in a group.
The tendency to overestimate the influence of dispositional factors and underestimate situational factors.
#14
What is the primary focus of terror management theory in social psychology?
Understanding how people cope with traumatic events.
Exploring the role of fear in shaping behavior and attitudes.
Examining how people respond to the prospect of mortality.
Investigating the psychological effects of terrorist attacks.
#15
Which factor is NOT typically associated with increased resilience in individuals during a crisis?
Social support networks
High levels of stress
Positive coping strategies
Flexible thinking and problem-solving skills
#16
What is the concept of 'collective efficacy' in the context of crisis response?
The belief in one's ability to overcome personal challenges.
The belief in a group's ability to work together effectively to address a crisis.
The belief that external forces determine the outcomes of crises.
The belief that crises are inevitable and cannot be prevented.
#17
According to the elaboration likelihood model (ELM), which route to persuasion involves careful consideration of arguments and central processing of information?
Peripheral route
Automatic route
Systematic route
Heuristic route
#18
According to social identity theory, what is the process of categorizing oneself as a member of a particular social group called?
Social comparison
In-group bias
Social categorization
Social identity
#19
According to the social identity theory, what is the process by which individuals strive to enhance the positivity of their self-concept through identification with certain social groups?
Social comparison
Social categorization
Social identity
Social mobility
#20
According to the elaboration likelihood model (ELM), which route to persuasion involves focusing on peripheral cues rather than carefully evaluating arguments?
Central route
Systematic route
Peripheral route
Heuristic route