#1
In the context of crisis response, what does the term 'resilience' refer to?
The ability to recover from adversity and adapt positively.
ExplanationPositive adaptation and recovery from adversity.
#2
What is the 'fight or flight' response in social psychology?
A response to stressful situations that involves either confronting the stressor or fleeing from it.
ExplanationResponse to stress: confront or flee.
#3
Which term refers to the tendency for people to conform to the behavior or opinions of others in a group?
Normative social influence
ExplanationConforming to group behavior or opinions.
#4
What is cognitive dissonance in social psychology?
The discomfort experienced when holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes.
ExplanationDiscomfort from conflicting beliefs or attitudes.
#5
Which term refers to the process of changing one's attitudes or behaviors to align with a group's norms or expectations?
Conformity
ExplanationAligning with group norms or expectations.
#6
Which term refers to the phenomenon where individuals exert less effort in a group task compared to when they are working alone?
Social loafing
ExplanationReduced effort in group tasks compared to solo.
#7
Which term refers to the tendency to attribute the behavior of others to dispositional factors while ignoring situational factors?
Fundamental attribution error
ExplanationAttributing others' behavior to dispositional factors over situational.
#8
What is the bystander effect in social psychology?
The tendency for individuals to feel less responsible to act when others are present.
ExplanationReduced sense of responsibility in the presence of others.
#9
Which social psychological theory emphasizes the influence of situational factors over dispositional factors in explaining behavior?
Attribution theory
ExplanationSituational factors' dominance in explaining behavior.
#10
Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing bystander intervention in an emergency situation?
The socioeconomic status of the victim
ExplanationSocioeconomic status doesn't typically influence intervention.
#11
What is the 'illusion of control' in social psychology?
The belief that one has control over random or uncontrollable events.
ExplanationBelief in control over random events.
#12
Which term refers to the phenomenon where individuals in a group make riskier decisions than they would individually?
Group polarization
ExplanationGroup-induced riskier decision-making.
#13
What is the 'just-world hypothesis' in social psychology?
The belief that people get what they deserve in life, leading to victim-blaming.
ExplanationBelief in deserved outcomes, leading to victim-blaming.
#14
What is the primary focus of terror management theory in social psychology?
Examining how people respond to the prospect of mortality.
ExplanationStudying responses to mortality awareness.
#15
Which factor is NOT typically associated with increased resilience in individuals during a crisis?
High levels of stress
ExplanationHigh stress is not typically associated with resilience.
#16
What is the concept of 'collective efficacy' in the context of crisis response?
The belief in a group's ability to work together effectively to address a crisis.
ExplanationBelief in effective group collaboration during crisis.
#17
According to the elaboration likelihood model (ELM), which route to persuasion involves careful consideration of arguments and central processing of information?
Systematic route
ExplanationPersuasion via careful argument evaluation.
#18
According to social identity theory, what is the process of categorizing oneself as a member of a particular social group called?
Social categorization
ExplanationCategorizing oneself into social groups.
#19
According to the social identity theory, what is the process by which individuals strive to enhance the positivity of their self-concept through identification with certain social groups?
Social mobility
ExplanationEnhancing self-concept positivity through group identification.
#20
According to the elaboration likelihood model (ELM), which route to persuasion involves focusing on peripheral cues rather than carefully evaluating arguments?
Peripheral route
ExplanationPersuasion via peripheral cues, not argument evaluation.