#1
Who has the authority to amend the Constitution in a federal system?
Executive branch
Judicial branch
Legislative branch
State governments
#2
Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution guarantees the right to a speedy and public trial?
Fourth Amendment
Fifth Amendment
Sixth Amendment
Eighth Amendment
#3
Which constitutional amendment abolished slavery in the United States?
Thirteenth Amendment
Fourteenth Amendment
Fifteenth Amendment
Nineteenth Amendment
#4
In constitutional law, what does the 'Free Exercise Clause' protect?
The right to bear arms
The freedom of speech
The right to vote
The freedom to practice religion
#5
Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution guarantees the right to keep and bear arms?
First Amendment
Second Amendment
Fourth Amendment
Tenth Amendment
#6
Which principle allows courts to declare legislation unconstitutional if it violates fundamental rights?
Doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty
Doctrine of judicial review
Doctrine of separation of powers
Doctrine of stare decisis
#7
Which clause of the Constitution prohibits the government from establishing an official religion or favoring one religion over another?
Free Speech Clause
Establishment Clause
Equal Protection Clause
Due Process Clause
#8
What does the 'necessary and proper clause,' also known as the 'elastic clause,' in the U.S. Constitution authorize Congress to do?
Establish federal agencies
Regulate commerce among the states
Pass laws deemed necessary for carrying out its enumerated powers
Limit the powers of the President
#9
What is the significance of the 'Commerce Clause' in constitutional law?
It grants Congress the power to regulate commerce with foreign nations
It restricts states from regulating interstate commerce
It allows Congress to regulate economic activity that substantially affects interstate commerce
It gives the President authority to negotiate international trade agreements
#10
What is the purpose of the Supremacy Clause in the U.S. Constitution?
To establish the federal court system
To affirm that the Constitution, federal laws, and treaties are the supreme law of the land
To limit the powers of the states
To protect individual rights
#11
Which case established the 'clear and present danger' test for determining when speech can be restricted?
New York Times v. Sullivan
Tinker v. Des Moines
Brandenburg v. Ohio
Schenck v. United States
#12
In constitutional law, what does the term 'strict scrutiny' refer to?
A method of interpretation that gives wide latitude to legislative actions
A standard of review applied to laws that burden fundamental rights or target suspect classifications
A principle that requires deference to the decisions of elected officials
A doctrine that limits the power of the executive branch
#13
Which test is used by courts to determine the constitutionality of laws that discriminate based on race?
Rational basis test
Intermediate scrutiny test
Strict scrutiny test
Balancing test
#14
Which case established the 'clear and convincing evidence' standard for civil cases involving constitutional rights?
Gideon v. Wainwright
Brown v. Board of Education
Brady v. Maryland
Santosky v. Kramer
#15
Which standard of review is applied to laws that discriminate based on a suspect classification?
Rational basis
Intermediate scrutiny
Strict scrutiny
Reasonableness
#16
Which case established the 'exclusionary rule' as a remedy for Fourth Amendment violations?
Mapp v. Ohio
Miranda v. Arizona
Gideon v. Wainwright
Terry v. Ohio