#1
Which of the following is a basic function of attention?
Recording information for long-term memory
Ignoring external stimuli
Enhancing sensory processing
Sleep regulation
#2
What is the term for the process of selectively concentrating on one aspect of the environment while ignoring other stimuli?
Memory consolidation
Divided attention
Selective attention
Sensory adaptation
#3
Which brain structure is crucial for regulating attention and controlling impulsive behaviors?
Hippocampus
Amygdala
Frontal cortex
Thalamus
#4
What is the term for the automatic, pre-attentive processing of sensory information to filter out irrelevant stimuli?
Executive function
Sensory adaptation
Bottom-up processing
Top-down processing
#5
Which neurotransmitter is closely associated with sustaining attention and wakefulness?
Dopamine
Serotonin
Acetylcholine
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
#6
What is the term for the phenomenon where repeated exposure to a stimulus leads to a decrease in attention and responsiveness?
Habituation
Sensitization
Desensitization
Oversaturation
#7
In the context of attention, what does the 'Inhibition of return' refer to?
The tendency to focus on previously attended locations
The suppression of attention to previously explored stimuli
The enhanced processing of novel stimuli
The inability to shift attention voluntarily
#8
Which brain structure is responsible for the initial filtering and processing of sensory information before it reaches higher cognitive centers?
Hippocampus
Amygdala
Thalamus
Frontal cortex
#9
What is the concept that suggests our cognitive resources are limited, leading to the need for selective attention?
Cognitive dissonance
Cognitive load
Cognitive disintegration
Cognitive reserve
#10
In the context of attention, what is the 'cocktail party effect'?
The ability to focus on multiple tasks simultaneously
The tendency to be easily distracted by irrelevant stimuli
The ability to selectively attend to a single conversation in a noisy environment
The impact of emotional stimuli on attention
#11
What is the 'Stroop effect' in the context of attention and cognitive processes?
Difficulty in recognizing faces
Interference between color and word recognition
Inability to recall recent events
Impaired spatial awareness
#12
In the 'spotlight model' of attention, what does the term 'zoom lens' refer to?
The ability to focus on a specific point without any flexibility
The capacity to expand or narrow attentional focus
The rapid shifting of attention between tasks
The involuntary capture of attention by salient stimuli
#13
Which theory proposes that attention is a limited resource that must be distributed among tasks, leading to performance trade-offs?
Feature integration theory
Resource model of attention
Parallel processing model
Levels-of-processing theory
#14
Which type of attention involves the simultaneous processing of multiple sources of information?
Sustained attention
Selective attention
Divided attention
Focused attention
#15
According to Broadbent's filter model, what is the primary function of the selective filter in the information processing system?
To amplify relevant information
To attenuate irrelevant information
To store information in long-term memory
To facilitate motor responses