#1
Which of the following is a common clinical manifestation of Alzheimer's disease?
Hypertension
Memory loss
Joint pain
Hyperthyroidism
#2
What is the most common type of arthritis among older adults?
Rheumatoid arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Gouty arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis
#3
Which age-related change contributes to decreased renal function in older adults?
Increased glomerular filtration rate
Decreased renal blood flow
Increased sensitivity to diuretics
Enhanced response to aldosterone
#4
What is the leading cause of death among the elderly in developed countries?
Cancer
Cardiovascular disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Stroke
#5
Which of the following is a key risk factor for the development of osteoporosis in older adults?
Regular weight-bearing exercise
High intake of calcium-rich foods
Long-term use of corticosteroids
Adequate exposure to sunlight
#6
What is the recommended intervention for preventing falls in the elderly?
Prescribing high doses of sedatives
Encouraging regular physical activity
Avoiding annual vision check-ups
Keeping the environment cluttered
#7
Which condition commonly leads to dysphagia in geriatric patients?
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Obesity
Osteoporosis
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
#8
Which sensory impairment is frequently associated with increased social isolation in the elderly?
Taste impairment
Visual impairment
Olfactory impairment
Auditory impairment
#9
Which cognitive assessment tool is commonly used to screen for dementia in geriatric patients?
Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A)
Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
#10
Which condition is characterized by involuntary loss of urine that is a common problem among older adults?
Urinary tract infection (UTI)
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
Dysuria
Urinary incontinence
#11
What is the primary cause of pressure ulcers in geriatric patients?
Excessive moisture
Poor nutritional status
Limited mobility
High levels of physical activity
#12
Which age-related change affects the pharmacokinetics of drugs in older adults?
Decreased liver size and blood flow
Increased absorption in the gastrointestinal tract
Enhanced renal blood flow
Decreased volume of distribution
#13
What is the primary goal of palliative care in geriatric patients?
To cure the disease completely
To prolong life expectancy at all costs
To alleviate suffering and improve quality of life
To encourage aggressive treatment measures
#14
Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of polypharmacy in the elderly?
Improved medication adherence
Decreased risk of drug interactions
Increased risk of falls and cognitive impairment
Enhanced therapeutic outcomes
#15
What is a potential complication of untreated depression in older adults?
Increased appetite
Improved sleep quality
Suicidal ideation
Enhanced cognitive function
#16
Which nutritional deficiency is commonly associated with anemia in the elderly?
Vitamin D deficiency
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Vitamin C deficiency
Calcium deficiency
#17
Which intervention is recommended for managing chronic pain in older adults?
Limiting physical activity to avoid exacerbation of pain
Using non-pharmacological interventions like physical therapy
Prescribing high doses of opioids as a first-line treatment
Avoiding regular monitoring of pain levels
#18
What is a potential complication of untreated sleep apnea in the elderly?
Decreased risk of cardiovascular events
Improved cognitive function
Increased risk of hypertension and stroke
Enhanced quality of life
#19
Which intervention is recommended for managing delirium in older adults?
Using sedatives to promote sleep
Maintaining a noisy and chaotic environment
Reorienting the patient to the environment and ensuring adequate hydration
Minimizing social interaction and stimulation