#1
Which of the following is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases?
Regular exercise
High blood pressure
Healthy diet
Maintaining normal body weight
#2
Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body?
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Left atrium
Left ventricle
#3
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of a heart attack?
Chest pain
Nausea
Sudden severe headache
Shortness of breath
#4
What is the primary function of the coronary arteries?
To carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle
To regulate blood pressure within the heart chambers
To facilitate gas exchange in the lungs
To remove waste products from the heart
#5
What is the primary function of the left ventricle of the heart?
Pumping oxygenated blood to the lungs
Receiving oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins
Pumping oxygenated blood to the systemic circulation
Receiving deoxygenated blood from the systemic veins
#6
What is the primary cause of a myocardial infarction (heart attack)?
Atherosclerosis
Hypertension
Heart murmurs
Arrhythmias
#7
What is the role of the sinoatrial (SA) node in the heart?
Regulates blood pressure
Initiates the heartbeat
Controls breathing rate
Pumps blood to the lungs
#8
What is the term for a sudden cessation of cardiac activity with hemodynamic collapse?
Cardiac tamponade
Cardiogenic shock
Sudden cardiac arrest
Aortic dissection
#9
Which of the following is a symptom of peripheral arterial disease (PAD)?
Chest pain
Shortness of breath
Leg pain while walking
Numbness in the arms
#10
Which type of heart failure occurs when the heart muscle becomes stiff and less compliant?
Systolic heart failure
Diastolic heart failure
Right-sided heart failure
Left-sided heart failure
#11
Which of the following conditions is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac?
Myocarditis
Pericarditis
Endocarditis
Cardiomyopathy
#12
What is the term for the temporary cessation of blood flow to the brain resulting in a sudden loss of consciousness?
Transient ischemic attack (TIA)
Stroke
Syncope
Hypertensive crisis
#13
Which of the following is a common cause of an acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?
Pulmonary embolism
Aortic stenosis
Coronary artery spasm
Pancreatitis
#14
What is the primary cause of venous thromboembolism (VTE)?
Arteriosclerosis
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
Pulmonary embolism (PE)
Aneurysm
#15
What is the primary mechanism of action of aspirin in preventing cardiovascular events?
Dilating blood vessels
Inhibiting platelet aggregation
Lowering cholesterol levels
Strengthening heart muscle contractions