Biological Terminology and Word Formation Quiz

Challenge yourself with 15 questions on cell biology, genetics, and more. Test your understanding of biological terms and processes!

#1

Which term describes the process of cell division resulting in two daughter cells, each having the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell?

Mitosis
Meiosis
Cytokinesis
Apoptosis
#2

What is the primary function of mitochondria within a cell?

Protein synthesis
Energy production
Cellular respiration
Lipid synthesis
#3

What is the term for the process by which a cell engulfs solid particles?

Endocytosis
Exocytosis
Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
#4

Which of the following is the smallest unit of life?

Organelle
Cell
Tissue
Organ
#5

Which of the following structures is responsible for the production of ribosomal RNA?

Ribosome
Nucleus
Mitochondrion
Nucleolus
#6

Which of the following describes the breakdown of glucose in the absence of oxygen, producing lactic acid and a small amount of energy?

Glycolysis
Krebs cycle
Oxidative phosphorylation
Gluconeogenesis
#7

What is the term for the joining of two complementary strands of DNA to form a double-stranded molecule?

Translation
Replication
Transcription
Hydrogen bonding
#8

What is the term for the process of converting nitrogen gas from the atmosphere into a form that plants can use?

Nitrification
Nitrogen fixation
Denitrification
Ammonification
#9

Which of the following terms describes a type of RNA molecule that carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?

mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
snRNA
#10

Which of the following organelles is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in the cell?

Golgi apparatus
Lysosome
Peroxisome
Endoplasmic reticulum
#11

Which of the following terms describes a segment of DNA that contains the necessary information to produce a functional product, typically a protein or RNA molecule?

Codon
Gene
Allele
Chromosome
#12

What is the term for a group of organisms of the same species living in the same area and potentially interbreeding?

Population
Community
Ecosystem
Biosphere
#13

Which of the following is a specialized cell type responsible for transmitting electrical signals in the nervous system?

Neuron
Adipocyte
Osteocyte
Erythrocyte
#14

Which of the following structures in a plant cell is responsible for photosynthesis?

Chloroplast
Mitochondrion
Golgi apparatus
Endoplasmic reticulum
#15

What is the term for the physical and behavioral characteristics of an organism, determined by its genes and environment?

Genotype
Phenotype
Allele
Dominant trait

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