#1
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which needs must be satisfied before an individual can focus on higher-level needs?
Self-actualization needs
Safety needs
Esteem needs
Belongingness and love needs
#2
Who proposed the Two-Factor Theory of motivation?
Abraham Maslow
B.F. Skinner
Frederick Herzberg
Sigmund Freud
#3
Which theory proposes that individuals are motivated by the desire to fulfill a set of basic needs, arranged in a hierarchical order?
Expectancy Theory
ERG Theory
Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Acquired Needs Theory
#4
Who proposed the Theory X and Theory Y?
Clayton Alderfer
Frederick Herzberg
Douglas McGregor
Abraham Maslow
#5
Which theory suggests that individuals are motivated by a sense of competence, autonomy, and relatedness?
Expectancy Theory
Self-determination Theory
Attribution Theory
Goal-setting Theory
#6
Who proposed the Theory of Motivation-Hygiene, also known as Two-Factor Theory?
Abraham Maslow
Frederick Herzberg
Douglas McGregor
Clayton Alderfer
#7
Which theory suggests that individuals are motivated by the desire to maintain a balance between their perceived performances and standards?
Self-determination theory
Cognitive evaluation theory
Expectancy theory
Control theory
#8
According to the Self-determination theory, what are the three innate psychological needs that drive human behavior?
Competence, autonomy, and relatedness
Belongingness, safety, and esteem
Physiological, safety, and self-actualization
Achievement, power, and affiliation
#9
Who proposed the Theory of ERG (Existence, Relatedness, Growth)?
Douglas McGregor
Clayton Alderfer
Frederick Herzberg
David McClelland
#10
According to Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, which of the following is considered a hygiene factor?
Achievement
Recognition
Job security
Advancement
#11
Who proposed the Goal-setting Theory of motivation?
Victor Vroom
David McClelland
Albert Bandura
Edwin Locke
#12
Who proposed the Theory of Self-efficacy?
Albert Bandura
Abraham Maslow
Douglas McGregor
Frederick Herzberg
#13
What does the Acquired Needs Theory propose?
Individuals are motivated by the desire to satisfy needs for affiliation, power, and achievement
Individuals are motivated by the desire to fulfill physiological, safety, and social needs
Individuals are motivated by the desire to maintain a balance between perceived performance and standards
Individuals are motivated by the desire to fulfill higher-level needs after lower-level needs are met
#14
Who proposed the Motivation-Hygiene Theory, also known as the Two-Factor Theory?
Abraham Maslow
Frederick Herzberg
Douglas McGregor
Clayton Alderfer
#15
What is the central idea behind the Goal-setting Theory?
Individuals are motivated by the desire to fulfill a set of basic needs
Setting specific and challenging goals leads to higher levels of motivation and performance
Individuals are motivated by the desire for autonomy, competence, and relatedness
Individuals are motivated by the desire to maintain a positive self-view
#16
According to the Attribution Theory, what influences an individual's perception of success or failure?
The perceived effort exerted
The perceived difficulty of the task
The perceived stability of the cause
All of the above
#17
Who proposed the Cognitive Evaluation Theory?
Abraham Maslow
Edward Deci and Richard Ryan
Douglas McGregor
Clayton Alderfer
#18
What does the Expectancy Theory emphasize as crucial for motivation?
The relationship between performance and rewards
The perceived effort-performance relationship
The role of individual needs and goals
The influence of organizational culture
#19
According to the Goal-setting Theory, what type of goals lead to the highest levels of motivation and performance?
Generalized goals
Specific and challenging goals
Easily achievable goals
Long-term goals
#20
Who proposed the Cognitive Dissonance Theory?
Leon Festinger
Edward Deci and Richard Ryan
Albert Bandura
Victor Vroom
#21
In the context of Expectancy Theory, what does expectancy refer to?
The belief that effort will lead to a desired level of performance
The belief that performance will lead to rewards
The perceived value of the rewards
The belief that rewards will satisfy personal goals or needs
#22
In Equity Theory, what is the perception of fairness influenced by?
Individual effort
Individual outcomes
Social comparison
All of the above
#23
According to Alderfer's ERG Theory, what does the Growth category represent?
The desire to develop personal and interpersonal skills
The desire for personal fulfillment and actualization
The desire for a sense of belongingness and social acceptance
The desire for basic material necessities
#24
Which theory suggests that individuals are motivated by the desire to maintain a positive view of themselves?
Self-determination theory
Attribution theory
Cognitive evaluation theory
Self-concept theory
#25
In the context of Self-determination theory, what does autonomy refer to?
The need to feel competent and capable of achieving goals
The sense of control over one's own actions and decisions
The desire for positive relationships and a sense of belongingness
The need for personal growth and fulfillment