Psychological Mechanisms and Influences in Social Behavior Quiz

Social facilitation describes the phenomenon where individuals exhibit improved performance on tasks in the presence of others, a contrast to working alone.

Normative social influence refers to the tendency for individuals to conform to group behavior to gain acceptance or avoid rejection, even if it goes against personal beliefs.

Social loafing is the tendency for individuals to put forth less effort when working in a group compared to when working individually.

Cognitive dissonance is the psychological concept describing the discomfort felt when holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes.

Conformity, in the context of social influence, is the process of adjusting one's behavior or thinking to align with the behavior or thinking of others.

Social loafing is the tendency for individuals to exhibit poorer performance on tasks when in the presence of others, as compared to when working alone.

Cognitive dissonance theory proposes that individuals experience discomfort when holding conflicting beliefs and strive to align their actions with their existing beliefs.

Actor-observer bias is the inclination to attribute personal actions to external factors while ascribing others' behaviors to internal characteristics.

Social identity theory posits that individuals categorize themselves and others into ingroups and outgroups through a process known as social categorization.

The Milgram experiment conducted by Stanley Milgram investigated the extent to which individuals would obey authority figures, even if it involved harming others.

The bystander effect is the tendency for individuals to be less likely to offer help to someone in need when others are present, assuming someone else will take action.

Self-serving bias is the tendency to attribute personal successes to internal factors and failures to external factors, preserving one's self-esteem.

Solomon Asch's conformity experiments identify factors like group size and unanimity, but gender is not a significant influence on conformity.

Participants in the Stanford prison experiment, assigned as guards, adopted abusive behaviors due to their identification with the authority role assigned to them.

Groupthink is the phenomenon where group discussions tend to result in more extreme decisions than the initial inclinations of individual group members.

In the elaboration likelihood model (ELM), the peripheral route to persuasion involves focusing on superficial cues instead of engaging in a thorough evaluation of arguments.

Groupthink is the phenomenon where individuals in a group suppress their own opinions to conform to perceived group consensus, often leading to suboptimal decisions.

According to self-categorization theory, the concept of maximizing the positive distinctiveness of one's ingroup is referred to as social identity.