Psychological Influence and Information Processing Quiz

Test your knowledge of cognitive biases, memory processes, and psychological theories with this quiz on cognitive psychology.

#1

What term describes the tendency to interpret new information in a way that supports existing beliefs or expectations?

Cognitive dissonance
Stereotyping
Confirmation bias
Availability heuristic
#2

What is the term for a memory bias that causes people to falsely remember events that never happened?

Deja vu
Cryptomnesia
Misattribution
False memory
#3

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which needs must be met first before an individual can focus on higher-level needs?

Self-actualization
Belongingness and love
Esteem
Physiological
#4

What is the term for the tendency to selectively attend to information that confirms one's preexisting beliefs or expectations?

Confirmation bias
Stereotyping
Cognitive dissonance
Availability heuristic
#5

What is the term for the tendency to attribute one's successes to internal factors and one's failures to external factors?

Self-serving bias
Fundamental attribution error
Actor-observer bias
Confirmation bias
#6

Which of the following is a cognitive bias where people tend to give greater weight to the first information they receive?

Confirmation bias
Recency effect
Primacy effect
Hindsight bias
#7

In which stage of information processing does the brain convert sensory information into a form that can be processed and stored?

Perception
Attention
Encoding
Storage
#8

Which term refers to the tendency for people to recall items that are presented at the beginning and end of a list better than those in the middle?

Recency effect
Primacy effect
Von Restorff effect
Serial position effect
#9

Which term describes the tendency to remember unfinished or interrupted tasks better than completed tasks?

Zeigarnik effect
Bystander effect
Hawthorne effect
Priming effect
#10

In social psychology, which term refers to the tendency for individuals to exert less effort when working collectively compared to when working individually?

Group polarization
Social loafing
Groupthink
Deindividuation
#11

Which term describes the tendency to attribute one's own actions to external causes while attributing others' actions to internal causes?

Fundamental attribution error
Self-serving bias
Actor-observer bias
Confirmation bias
#12

Which term describes the tendency to overestimate the likelihood of rare events based on their availability in memory?

Availability heuristic
Representativeness heuristic
Anchoring heuristic
Simulation heuristic
#13

Which theory suggests that people process information through three stages: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory?

Information processing theory
Schema theory
Dual-process theory
Levels-of-processing theory
#14

Which part of the brain plays a crucial role in the consolidation of short-term memories into long-term memories?

Hippocampus
Amygdala
Cerebellum
Frontal lobe
#15

According to the dual-process theory of persuasion, which route involves thoughtful consideration of the arguments presented?

Peripheral route
Central route
Automatic route
Emotional route
#16

Who proposed the social cognitive theory, which emphasizes the interaction between individuals and their environment in shaping behavior?

Albert Bandura
Carl Rogers
Abraham Maslow
Erik Erikson
#17

Who developed the concept of cognitive dissonance, which refers to the discomfort experienced when holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes?

Leon Festinger
Albert Bandura
Jean Piaget
B.F. Skinner
#18

Who developed the theory of operant conditioning, which emphasizes the role of reinforcement and punishment in shaping behavior?

Albert Bandura
B.F. Skinner
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson

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