Psychological and Personality Concepts Quiz

Egoism is not considered one of the Big Five personality traits, which are openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.

Sigmund Freud proposed the psychoanalytic theory of personality, which suggests that behavior is influenced by unconscious motives and conflicts.

Abraham Maslow is associated with the concept of 'self-actualization,' which refers to the realization of one's full potential and the pursuit of personal growth and fulfillment.

The main difference between introversion and extroversion is that introverts tend to prefer solitude and quiet activities, while extroverts are more inclined towards social interactions and seeking stimulation from the external environment.

The primary focus of behaviorism in psychology is the analysis of observable behavior, emphasizing the role of the environment in shaping and controlling behavior through reinforcement and punishment.

The main idea behind the social cognitive theory of personality is that personality is determined by interactions between cognition, behavior, and environment, rather than being solely influenced by traits or the unconscious mind.

Self-actualization needs are at the highest level of Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, representing the fulfillment of one's potential and self-fulfillment.

Sublimation is a defense mechanism in which unacceptable impulses are channelled into socially acceptable activities, helping to reduce anxiety and maintain self-esteem.

According to Erik Erikson, the primary crisis during adolescence is the conflict between developing a sense of identity and experiencing role confusion.

The concept of the 'self' in humanistic psychology, as proposed by Carl Rogers, refers to the organized, consistent set of perceptions and beliefs about oneself that influence behavior and experiences.

Self-efficacy in Bandura's social cognitive theory refers to the belief in one's ability to exert control over one's own motivation and behavior, influencing the choices made and the effort put forth.

The fundamental principle behind Carl Jung's theory of personality is the concept of the collective unconscious, which represents a shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our ancestral past.

A criticism of trait theory in psychology is that it oversimplifies the complexity of personality by reducing it to a set of traits, neglecting the influence of situational factors and the dynamic nature of personality.

A main criticism of psychoanalytic theory in modern psychology is that it lacks empirical evidence to support its concepts, such as the unconscious mind and psychosexual stages.

The main difference between self-esteem and self-efficacy is that self-esteem refers to the belief in one's ability to perform specific tasks or achieve goals, while self-efficacy refers to the overall evaluation of one's worth and capabilities.