#1
In legal terms, what does 'innocent until proven guilty' represent?
Presumption of Innocence
ExplanationPresumption of Innocence: Considered innocent until proven guilty in legal terms.
#2
Which principle emphasizes treating all individuals fairly and impartially in the legal system?
Procedural Justice
ExplanationFair and impartial treatment of individuals in the legal system.
#3
Who is considered the father of modern utilitarianism and wrote extensively on the concept of justice?
Jeremy Bentham
ExplanationJeremy Bentham, father of modern utilitarianism, extensively wrote on justice.
#4
Which legal principle focuses on restoring harmony and balance rather than punishment for wrongdoing?
Restorative Justice
ExplanationRestorative Justice: Focuses on restoring harmony rather than punishment.
#5
What is the concept that individuals should receive benefits or burdens based on their actions and contributions to society?
Distributive Justice
ExplanationDistributive Justice: Benefits or burdens based on actions and contributions.
#6
In legal systems, what does the term 'stare decisis' mean?
Let the decision stand
ExplanationStare Decisis: Legal term meaning 'let the decision stand.'
#7
What is the legal doctrine that allows a person to be tried for the same crime only once?
Double Jeopardy
ExplanationDouble Jeopardy: Legal doctrine for trying a person once for the same crime.
#8
Which ethical theory suggests that justice is achieved when the distribution of resources is equal among all members of society?
Egalitarianism
ExplanationEgalitarianism posits justice through equal distribution of resources in society.
#9
Which legal principle advocates for punishment proportionate to the severity of the offense?
Proportional Justice
ExplanationProportional Justice: Advocates punishment proportionate to offense severity.
#10
In the context of justice, what does 'lex talionis' refer to?
Eye for an Eye
ExplanationLex Talionis: 'Eye for an Eye' principle in the context of justice.
#11
Who developed the 'veil of ignorance' thought experiment to explore the concept of justice?
John Rawls
ExplanationJohn Rawls developed 'veil of ignorance' to explore justice.
#12
Which theory of justice emphasizes the importance of fair distribution of resources to create social harmony?
Distributive Justice
ExplanationDistributive Justice: Emphasizes fair resource distribution for social harmony.
#13
Who proposed the idea of 'positive discrimination' as a means to address historical injustices and inequalities?
Martin Luther King Jr.
ExplanationMartin Luther King Jr. proposed 'positive discrimination' to address injustices.