#1
Which of the following is an example of a common pricing strategy in transportation?
Cost-plus pricing
Flat-rate pricing
Penetration pricing
Dynamic pricing
#2
Which of the following is an example of a variable cost in transportation?
Fuel expenses
Insurance premiums
Depreciation of vehicles
Annual vehicle registration fees
#3
Which of the following factors is NOT typically considered when determining transportation pricing?
Distance traveled
Weather conditions
Fuel costs
Freight volume
#4
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of perfect competition in transportation markets?
Many buyers and sellers
Homogeneous products
Significant barriers to entry
Price takers
#5
What pricing strategy involves charging different prices to different customers for the same product or service?
Dynamic pricing
Penetration pricing
Price discrimination
Cost-plus pricing
#6
In market structures, which type of transportation is most likely to exhibit perfect competition?
Air transportation
Rail transportation
Taxi services
Trucking services
#7
What is the primary characteristic of monopolistic competition in transportation markets?
Many firms, similar products
Few firms, identical products
Few firms, differentiated products
Many firms, unique products
#8
What type of market structure characterizes the airline industry?
Perfect competition
Monopoly
Oligopoly
Monopolistic competition
#9
Which pricing strategy involves setting a low initial price to attract customers and gain market share?
Skimming pricing
Cost-plus pricing
Premium pricing
Penetration pricing
#10
What market structure is characterized by a single seller controlling the entire supply of a product?
Perfect competition
Oligopoly
Monopoly
Monopolistic competition
#11
Which pricing strategy aims to set prices based on the maximum amount a customer is willing to pay?
Cost-plus pricing
Penetration pricing
Dynamic pricing
Value-based pricing
#12
How does oligopoly in transportation markets differ from monopolistic competition?
Oligopoly has many firms, monopolistic competition has few firms
Oligopoly has few firms, monopolistic competition has many firms
Oligopoly offers identical products, monopolistic competition offers differentiated products
Oligopoly offers differentiated products, monopolistic competition offers identical products
#13
In an oligopoly market structure in transportation, how do firms typically compete?
By producing identical products
By setting prices independently
By forming a cartel to control prices
By engaging in non-price competition
#14
What is the main advantage of a cartel in transportation markets?
Ensuring fair competition
Encouraging innovation
Stabilizing prices
Increasing consumer choice
#15
In a perfectly competitive transportation market, how do firms differentiate themselves?
By offering unique services
By engaging in non-price competition
By controlling prices
By offering identical products