#1
Which memory theory suggests that memories are constructed rather than simply being retrieved like files from a computer?
Atkinson-Shiffrin model
Levels of processing model
Constructive memory theory
Dual coding theory
#2
According to the dual coding theory, which type of encoding leads to stronger memories?
Verbal encoding
Visual encoding
Semantic encoding
Acoustic encoding
#3
According to the levels of processing model, which of the following statements best describes shallow processing?
Focusing on the physical features of information
Creating meaningful connections with existing knowledge
Engaging in elaborate rehearsal strategies
Engaging multiple senses during encoding
#4
According to the levels of processing model, which of the following statements best describes semantic processing?
Focusing on the physical features of information
Creating meaningful connections with existing knowledge
Engaging in elaborate rehearsal strategies
Engaging multiple senses during encoding
#5
According to the levels of processing model, which of the following statements best describes structural processing?
Focusing on the physical features of information
Creating meaningful connections with existing knowledge
Engaging in elaborate rehearsal strategies
Engaging multiple senses during encoding
#6
Which memory model suggests that memory is like a computer, with information being processed and stored in stages?
Atkinson-Shiffrin model
Levels of processing model
Dual coding theory
Schema theory
#7
According to the encoding specificity principle, retrieval cues are most effective when they match the _____ of the information that was encoded.
context
type
duration
intensity
#8
According to the serial position effect, which items are typically recalled best in a list?
Items at the beginning
Items in the middle
Items at the end
Items randomly
#9
Which theory of forgetting suggests that memories fade or decay over time if they are not accessed or rehearsed?
Encoding specificity theory
Interference theory
Decay theory
Consolidation theory
#10
Which memory system is responsible for briefly storing sensory information?
Short-term memory
Working memory
Long-term memory
Sensory memory
#11
Which of the following statements best describes the concept of retrieval-induced forgetting?
New information interferes with the retrieval of old information
Recalling one memory can inhibit the recall of related memories
The more frequently a memory is retrieved, the stronger it becomes
Memories are more easily retrieved in the same physical location they were encoded
#12
According to the levels of processing model, which of the following types of processing leads to the deepest level of encoding?
Structural processing
Phonemic processing
Semantic processing
Syntactic processing
#13
The tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon is an example of _____ failure.
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval
Recognition
#14
Which mnemonic device involves creating a visual image of items you want to remember and placing them in familiar locations?
Acronym
Method of loci
Keyword technique
Peg word system
#15
Which phenomenon refers to the tendency for people to remember information better when their mood at encoding matches their mood at retrieval?
Mood-congruent memory
State-dependent memory
Encoding specificity
Serial position effect