Legal System Structure and Hierarchy Quiz

Explore the hierarchy of courts, principles, and doctrines in this quiz. Challenge yourself with questions on legal systems worldwide.

#1

In a common law legal system, what is the primary source of law?

Constitution
Statutes
Case law
Administrative regulations
#2

Which branch of government is responsible for interpreting laws and ensuring they comply with the constitution?

Legislative
Executive
Judicial
Administrative
#3

In the United States, what is the highest court in the state judiciary?

Circuit Court
Supreme Court
Appellate Court
District Court
#4

In a civil law system, what is the primary source of law?

Constitution
Case law
Legislation
Administrative regulations
#5

Which court has the authority to review decisions made by lower courts or administrative agencies?

Appellate Court
District Court
Trial Court
Magistrate Court
#6

Which legal document grants an individual the authority to make decisions on behalf of another person in case of incapacity?

Power of attorney
Living will
Trust deed
Last will and testament
#7

Which court is the highest appellate court in the United States federal judiciary?

District Court
Circuit Court of Appeals
Supreme Court
Court of Claims
#8

What is the term for a legal principle that requires similar cases to be decided similarly?

Res judicata
Stare decisis
Habeas corpus
Ad hoc
#9

In a civil lawsuit, what is the standard of proof required for the plaintiff to prevail?

Beyond a reasonable doubt
Preponderance of the evidence
Clear and convincing evidence
Probable cause
#10

Which legal doctrine holds that a person cannot be tried twice for the same offense?

Double jeopardy
Collateral estoppel
Res judicata
Laches
#11

Which legal document initiates a civil lawsuit by outlining the plaintiff's claims and demands?

Summons
Complaint
Writ of certiorari
Pleading
#12

Which of the following is a fundamental principle that ensures a person accused of a crime is informed of the charges against them?

Habeas corpus
Due process
Ex post facto
Magna Carta
#13

What is the primary function of the International Court of Justice (ICJ)?

Adjudicating criminal cases
Mediating international disputes
Enforcing domestic laws
Hearing appeals from national courts
#14

What is the term for a legal principle that allows courts to set aside or overturn previous decisions?

Precedent
Equity
Amicus curiae
Overruling
#15

What legal term refers to the power of a court to hear a case for the first time?

Appellate jurisdiction
Original jurisdiction
Concurrent jurisdiction
Subject matter jurisdiction
#16

What is the purpose of a grand jury in the criminal justice system?

To determine guilt or innocence
To issue an arrest warrant
To conduct a trial
To review evidence and decide if charges should be filed
#17

What legal doctrine allows a court to refuse to hear a case if it believes another court has proper jurisdiction?

Forum non conveniens
Collateral estoppel
Res judicata
In personam jurisdiction
#18

In criminal law, what is the term for the intentional deception or misrepresentation that leads to a wrongful conviction?

Misfeasance
Malfeasance
Prosecutorial misconduct
Legal malpractice

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