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Legal Frameworks and Discrimination Quiz

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Which of the following laws prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin in the United States?

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Explanation

Enforces equal employment opportunities and prohibits discrimination based on specified factors.

What is the legal term for treating someone unfairly because of their age, gender, race, religion, or other characteristics?

Discrimination

Explanation

Unjust or prejudicial treatment of individuals based on their personal attributes.

In the United States, which federal agency is primarily responsible for enforcing laws that prohibit employment discrimination?

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)

Explanation

EEOC ensures equal employment opportunities and investigates discrimination complaints.

What is the term used for discrimination against individuals based on their age, particularly against older individuals?

Ageism

Explanation

Prejudice or discrimination against individuals based on their age, especially the elderly.

Which of the following is NOT typically considered a form of workplace discrimination?

Performance evaluation

Explanation

While performance evaluations can be biased, they are not inherently a form of discrimination.

Which of the following federal laws in the United States prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities?

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

Explanation

Legislation ensuring equal opportunities for individuals with disabilities in various aspects of life.

What is the term for discrimination that occurs against individuals with certain physical or mental impairments, even if they are qualified to perform the job?

Ableism

Explanation

Discrimination against individuals with disabilities, despite their qualifications.

Which legal doctrine states that an employer can terminate an employee at any time, for any reason?

At-will employment

Explanation

Employment relationship where either party can terminate without cause, with some exceptions.

What is the term used for discrimination against individuals who are perceived to be part of a certain racial, ethnic, or religious group, even if they are not?

Implicit bias

Explanation

Unconscious prejudices influencing behavior towards perceived group membership.

#10

What is the legal term for discrimination that occurs when a seemingly neutral rule or practice has a disproportionately negative impact on a protected group?

Indirect discrimination

Explanation

Discrimination resulting from policies that disproportionately affect a protected group.

#11

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic protected by anti-discrimination laws in many countries?

Political affiliation

Explanation

Political beliefs are often not explicitly protected against discrimination in various jurisdictions.

#12

What is the term used for discrimination against individuals based on their actual or perceived sexual orientation or gender identity?

Homophobia

Explanation

Unjust treatment based on an individual's sexual orientation or gender identity.

#13

What term describes an employment practice that intentionally gives preferential treatment to a particular group, typically to address past discrimination or underrepresentation?

Affirmative action

Explanation

Policy aiming to counter historical discrimination by favoring underrepresented groups.

#14

Which of the following legal doctrines allows a party to use race, sex, or another protected characteristic as a factor in decision-making to promote diversity?

Affirmative action

Explanation

Using specific characteristics to promote diversity and address historical imbalances.

#15

Which international treaty aims to eliminate all forms of discrimination against women?

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)

Explanation

Global commitment to end gender-based discrimination and ensure women's rights.

#16

Which of the following legal theories allows an individual to file a discrimination lawsuit based on discriminatory remarks or actions, even if no adverse employment action was taken?

Hostile work environment

Explanation

Legal concept addressing a workplace atmosphere poisoned by discriminatory behavior.

#17

Which landmark U.S. Supreme Court case established the principle of 'disparate impact' in discrimination law?

Griggs v. Duke Power Co.

Explanation

Legal precedent acknowledging discrimination claims based on unintentional but discriminatory practices.

#18

In discrimination law, what is the term for an employee's resignation due to intolerable working conditions created by discrimination?

Constructive discharge

Explanation

Quitting job due to a hostile work environment caused by discrimination.

#19

Which international treaty aims to combat racial discrimination and promote understanding among different races?

International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD)

Explanation

Global effort to eliminate racial discrimination and promote mutual understanding.

#20

Which of the following is a legal defense against a discrimination claim where the discriminatory action was necessary for the job?

Business necessity

Explanation

Legal defense arguing that a discriminatory action was essential for the job's requirements.

#21

In discrimination law, what is the term for an employer's policies or practices that appear neutral but have a discriminatory effect on a protected group?

Systemic discrimination

Explanation

Institutional policies leading to unintentional discrimination against protected groups.

Legal Frameworks and Discrimination Quiz

Which of the following laws prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin in the United States?

What is the legal term for treating someone unfairly because of their age, gender, race, religion, or other characteristics?

In the United States, which federal agency is primarily responsible for enforcing laws that prohibit employment discrimination?

What is the term used for discrimination against individuals based on their age, particularly against older individuals?

Which of the following is NOT typically considered a form of workplace discrimination?

Which of the following federal laws in the United States prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities?

What is the term for discrimination that occurs against individuals with certain physical or mental impairments, even if they are qualified to perform the job?

Which legal doctrine states that an employer can terminate an employee at any time, for any reason?

What is the term used for discrimination against individuals who are perceived to be part of a certain racial, ethnic, or religious group, even if they are not?

What is the legal term for discrimination that occurs when a seemingly neutral rule or practice has a disproportionately negative impact on a protected group?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic protected by anti-discrimination laws in many countries?

What is the term used for discrimination against individuals based on their actual or perceived sexual orientation or gender identity?

What term describes an employment practice that intentionally gives preferential treatment to a particular group, typically to address past discrimination or underrepresentation?

Which of the following legal doctrines allows a party to use race, sex, or another protected characteristic as a factor in decision-making to promote diversity?

Which international treaty aims to eliminate all forms of discrimination against women?

Which of the following legal theories allows an individual to file a discrimination lawsuit based on discriminatory remarks or actions, even if no adverse employment action was taken?

Which landmark U.S. Supreme Court case established the principle of 'disparate impact' in discrimination law?

In discrimination law, what is the term for an employee's resignation due to intolerable working conditions created by discrimination?

Which international treaty aims to combat racial discrimination and promote understanding among different races?

Which of the following is a legal defense against a discrimination claim where the discriminatory action was necessary for the job?

In discrimination law, what is the term for an employer's policies or practices that appear neutral but have a discriminatory effect on a protected group?

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