#1
Which legislation in the United States prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin?
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Americans with Disabilities Act
Equal Pay Act
Age Discrimination in Employment Act
#2
What is the primary goal of Affirmative Action policies?
To promote discrimination
To ensure equal opportunity
To eliminate all diversity
To favor one particular group
#3
What is the primary focus of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) in the United States?
Prohibiting discrimination based on age in the workplace
Promoting affirmative action for older individuals
Addressing discrimination in housing based on age
Ensuring equal pay regardless of age
#4
In the context of Affirmative Action, what is the purpose of a diversity quota?
To limit the number of diverse candidates
To establish a minimum percentage of diverse individuals
To discourage diversity in the workplace
To prioritize majority groups
#5
Which executive order signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson introduced affirmative action for federal contractors?
Executive Order 11246
Executive Order 8802
Executive Order 9066
Executive Order 13769
#6
In the United States, which federal agency enforces the Fair Housing Act to prevent housing discrimination?
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)
Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
Department of Justice (DOJ)
#7
Which Supreme Court case upheld the constitutionality of Affirmative Action in university admissions?
Brown v. Board of Education
Fisher v. University of Texas
Grutter v. Bollinger
Plessy v. Ferguson
#8
What is the concept of 'disparate impact' in the context of anti-discrimination law?
Intentional discrimination
Discriminatory impact without discriminatory intent
Reverse discrimination
Quid pro quo discrimination
#9
In the context of Affirmative Action, what does the term 'underrepresented minorities' typically refer to?
Majority racial or ethnic groups
Groups with equal representation
Groups with disproportionately high representation
Groups with disproportionately low representation
#10
Which landmark piece of legislation prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in the United States?
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Rehabilitation Act of 1973
Americans with Disabilities Act
Age Discrimination in Employment Act
#11
What is the concept of 'redlining' in the context of housing discrimination?
A process for selecting candidates based on political affiliation
A discriminatory practice of denying loans or insurance to certain neighborhoods
A type of affirmative action policy
A method of zoning for commercial areas
#12
Which federal law prohibits discrimination against pregnant employees in the workplace?
Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)
Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
Pregnancy Discrimination Act (PDA)
Equal Pay Act
#13
Which federal agency is primarily responsible for enforcing anti-discrimination laws in the workplace?
Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
#14
What is the 'glass ceiling' in the context of workplace discrimination?
A physical barrier in workplaces
An invisible barrier preventing advancement for certain groups
A type of affirmative action policy
A form of reverse discrimination
#15
Which constitutional amendment is often cited in discussions about equal protection under the law?
First Amendment
Fifth Amendment
Fourteenth Amendment
Twenty-Fifth Amendment
#16
What is the primary focus of the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act?
Prohibiting age discrimination
Addressing pay discrimination based on gender
Ensuring equal pay for individuals with disabilities
Promoting affirmative action in employment
#17
Which landmark Supreme Court case established the 'separate but equal' doctrine in the United States?
Brown v. Board of Education
Plessy v. Ferguson
Roe v. Wade
Miranda v. Arizona
#18
Which legal concept suggests that past discrimination can justify present efforts to address inequality?
Equal Protection Clause
Compelling Government Interest
Affirmative Defense
Reverse Discrimination Doctrine