Juvenile Justice System and Reform Quiz

Juvenile justice aims to rehabilitate rather than punish.

In most countries, the minimum age of criminal responsibility is 12 years old.

Juvenile justice reforms primarily focus on reducing recidivism rates.

The process of transferring a juvenile's case to adult court is called a juvenile waiver.

The Principle of Graduated Sanctions suggests that juvenile justice interventions should be proportional to the seriousness of the offense and the needs of the juvenile.

Adjudication is the formal decision made by a court in response to a juvenile's delinquent behavior.

The process of sealing or expunging a juvenile's record is called juvenile record sealing.

Parens patriae is a principle that emphasizes the state's role as the guardian and protector of children.

Community involvement is a principle of restorative justice in the context of juvenile justice.

Diversion is a legal process that allows a juvenile to avoid formal court processing by participating in community-based programs.

Judge Julian Mack is often credited as the 'Father of the Juvenile Court' in the United States.

The principle of Parens Patriae emphasizes treating juveniles with care and guidance rather than punishment.

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child sets standards for the treatment of juvenile offenders.

A status offense refers to an offense related to the juvenile's status as a minor, such as truancy or curfew violation.

Restitution, community service, and competency development are components of the 'balanced and restorative justice' model in juvenile justice.

Diversion is a program or intervention aimed at preventing juvenile delinquency before it occurs.

Recidivism refers to the tendency for a juvenile to reoffend after being released from a juvenile facility.

Peer pressure is a factor that may contribute to juvenile delinquency.

The Fifth Amendment to the Constitution protects juveniles from self-incrimination.

Victim-offender mediation is an example of a restorative justice practice used in juvenile justice.

Graham v. Florida held that juveniles cannot receive life imprisonment without parole for non-homicide offenses.

The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act provides funding for programs aimed at preventing juvenile delinquency and improving the juvenile justice system.

A criticism often directed at the juvenile justice system is the lack of individualized attention.

Out-of-home placement is a court order that removes a juvenile from their home and places them under the supervision of a state agency or foster care.

A split sentence allows a juvenile to serve part of their time in a residential facility and the rest under supervision in the community.