#1
What is one of the primary factors influencing peer relations in childhood?
Personality traits
Race or ethnicity
The presence of siblings
Birth order
#2
Which of the following is NOT a function of peer relationships in childhood?
Providing opportunities for learning and practicing social skills
Offering support and guidance in decision-making
Providing a sense of belonging and acceptance
Enhancing competitive behavior and discouraging cooperation
#3
Which of the following is a way to address peer rejection in childhood?
Promoting individualistic behavior
Providing opportunities for teamwork and cooperation
Encouraging excessive competition
Isolating the rejected child from peers
#4
What term refers to a self-fulfilling prophecy where a child's behavior is influenced by others' expectations of them?
Social role
Pygmalion effect
Peer pressure
Social norm
#5
Which of the following is a characteristic of prosocial behavior in childhood?
Intentionally causing harm to others
Responding empathetically to others' distress
Prioritizing one's needs over others' needs
Using aggressive language
#6
Which theory of peer relations suggests that children play an active role in shaping their peer experiences?
Social learning theory
Psychoanalytic theory
The biological perspective
The ecological perspective
#7
Which of the following is a factor that influences the development of peer relationships in childhood?
The social skills of the parents
The geographic location of the family
The income level of the family
The type of school the child attends
#8
In which age group are children likely to form more complex and reciprocal peer relationships?
Infancy
Early childhood
Middle childhood
Adolescence
#9
Which term describes the strategy where a child intentionally avoids or rejects a peer?
Withdrawal
Coercion
Isolation
Rejection
#10
Which concept suggests that children seek out environments that complement their genetic predispositions?
Heritability
Niche-picking
Behavior genetics
Epigenetics
#11
Which of the following is a major type of peer status in childhood?
Educational status
Social class status
Autonomous status
Popular status
#12
Which of the following best characterizes the transition to middle childhood in terms of peer relations?
Heightened importance of peer relationships compared to family relationships
A decrease in social interest
Stable peer relationships developed in early childhood
Decreased ability to understand the perspective of others
#13
What is the process through which children learn the norms and roles of their peer group?
Peer pressure
Peer socialization
Peer recruitment
Peer conflict resolution
#14
In which of the following stages of Piaget's cognitive development do children typically become more aware of others' perspectives and needs?
Sensorimotor stage
Preoperational stage
Concrete operational stage
Formal operational stage
#15
What theory suggests that peers can influence a child's behavior through modeling and reinforcement?
Ecological systems theory
Social cognitive theory
Biological theory
Psychoanalytic theory
#16
Which of the following factors is NOT an influence on peer relationships in childhood?
Cultural norms
Age
Family structure
Sleeping habits