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Ethical Considerations in Psychological and Scientific Practices Quiz

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Which ethical principle emphasizes the importance of obtaining informed consent from participants?

Autonomy

Explanation

Respecting individuals' rights to make their own decisions.

In psychological research, what does the term 'confidentiality' refer to?

Ensuring that participants' identities are not disclosed without their consent

Explanation

Protecting participants' privacy.

What is the concept of 'informed consent' in psychological research?

Participants give their voluntary agreement to participate after being informed about the study's purpose, procedures, risks, and benefits

Explanation

Participants agree to study terms after full disclosure.

Which term refers to the process of ensuring that research findings can be replicated by other researchers?

Replication

Explanation

Confirming research results by others.

What is the term for the practice of providing false information to participants in a research study?

Deception

Explanation

Providing false information to participants.

Which ethical principle emphasizes the researcher's responsibility to maximize benefits and minimize harm to participants?

Beneficence

Explanation

Balancing benefits and harms to participants.

What is the term for the phenomenon where participants respond in a way they believe is socially acceptable, rather than truthfully?

Social desirability bias

Explanation

Response bias due to social norms.

Which ethical guideline in scientific research refers to minimizing harm to participants?

Nonmaleficence

Explanation

Avoiding causing harm to participants.

What is the primary purpose of the Institutional Review Board (IRB) in scientific research?

To review research proposals and ensure ethical compliance

Explanation

Ensuring research meets ethical standards.

#10

What does the 'APA Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct' provide guidance on?

Ethical behavior and decision-making in psychological research and practice

Explanation

Standards for ethical conduct in psychology.

#11

Which ethical consideration in scientific research relates to ensuring fairness in the selection of participants and distribution of research benefits and burdens?

Justice

Explanation

Fair treatment and distribution.

#12

What is the term for the phenomenon where researchers inadvertently influence the outcome of a study due to their expectations or biases?

Observer bias

Explanation

Researcher bias influencing results.

#13

In psychological research, what is 'counterbalancing'?

Balancing the order of presentation of experimental conditions across participants

Explanation

Equalizing effects of presentation order.

#14

In psychological research, what does 'random assignment' refer to?

Randomly assigning participants to different experimental conditions

Explanation

Random allocation to study groups.

#15

In the context of psychological ethics, what does 'debriefing' involve?

Explaining the purpose and procedures of the study to participants after their involvement

Explanation

Informing participants post-study.

#16

What is the term for the phenomenon where participants alter their behavior because they know they are being observed?

Hawthorne effect

Explanation

Behavioral changes due to awareness of observation.

#17

Which ethical consideration in psychological research refers to the right of participants to withdraw from a study at any time?

Autonomy

Explanation

Participants' right to leave study.

#18

What is the term for the bias introduced when a researcher's expectations influence their interpretation of the study's results?

Observer bias

Explanation

Interpretation bias due to researcher expectations.

#19

What is the term for the phenomenon where participants change their behavior because they are aware they are being studied?

Hawthorne effect

Explanation

Behavioral changes due to awareness of being observed.

Ethical Considerations in Psychological and Scientific Practices Quiz

Which ethical principle emphasizes the importance of obtaining informed consent from participants?

In psychological research, what does the term 'confidentiality' refer to?

What is the concept of 'informed consent' in psychological research?

Which term refers to the process of ensuring that research findings can be replicated by other researchers?

What is the term for the practice of providing false information to participants in a research study?

Which ethical principle emphasizes the researcher's responsibility to maximize benefits and minimize harm to participants?

What is the term for the phenomenon where participants respond in a way they believe is socially acceptable, rather than truthfully?

Which ethical guideline in scientific research refers to minimizing harm to participants?

What is the primary purpose of the Institutional Review Board (IRB) in scientific research?

What does the 'APA Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct' provide guidance on?

Which ethical consideration in scientific research relates to ensuring fairness in the selection of participants and distribution of research benefits and burdens?

What is the term for the phenomenon where researchers inadvertently influence the outcome of a study due to their expectations or biases?

In psychological research, what is 'counterbalancing'?

In psychological research, what does 'random assignment' refer to?

In the context of psychological ethics, what does 'debriefing' involve?

What is the term for the phenomenon where participants alter their behavior because they know they are being observed?

Which ethical consideration in psychological research refers to the right of participants to withdraw from a study at any time?

What is the term for the bias introduced when a researcher's expectations influence their interpretation of the study's results?

What is the term for the phenomenon where participants change their behavior because they are aware they are being studied?

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