#1
Which stage of Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory occurs during infancy?
Integrity vs. Despair
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Trust vs. Mistrust
Initiative vs. Guilt
#2
According to Jean Piaget, in which stage do children develop object permanence?
Sensorimotor stage
Preoperational stage
Concrete operational stage
Formal operational stage
#3
What is the primary focus of developmental psychology?
The study of mental disorders
The study of cognitive processes
The study of changes in behavior and abilities across the lifespan
The study of personality traits
#4
According to Erikson, what is the central conflict of adolescence?
Trust vs. Mistrust
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Generativity vs. Stagnation
Intimacy vs. Isolation
#5
What is the term for a sudden understanding of how to solve a problem, which indicates a leap in cognitive ability according to Piaget?
Assimilation
Accommodation
Equilibration
Insight
#6
Who proposed the socio-cultural theory of development?
Lev Vygotsky
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson
Lawrence Kohlberg
#7
What does the 'zone of proximal development' refer to in Vygotsky's theory?
The range of tasks a child can perform independently
The gap between a child's actual developmental level and their potential developmental level
The process of learning through observation and imitation
The stage where children develop a sense of industry or inferiority
#8
Which theory emphasizes the importance of socio-cultural factors in development?
Cognitive development theory
Behavioral theory
Social learning theory
Socio-cultural theory
#9
What does the term 'identity foreclosure' mean in Erikson's theory?
The state of exploring different roles and possibilities
The inability to commit to an identity due to fear of rejection
The process of developing a strong sense of self based on exploration
The adoption of an identity without exploration or consideration of alternatives
#10
Which theorist is known for his stages of socio-emotional development, including the 'crisis of intimacy vs. isolation'?
Erik Erikson
Jean Piaget
Lawrence Kohlberg
Urie Bronfenbrenner
#11
Which of the following best describes Kohlberg's stages of moral development?
Preconventional, Conventional, Postconventional
Egocentric, Altruistic, Individualistic
Imitative, Exploratory, Self-aware
Passive, Active, Reflective
#12
According to Lawrence Kohlberg, what motivates moral behavior in the postconventional stage?
Avoiding punishment and seeking rewards
Conforming to social norms and laws
Maintaining social order and authority
Adhering to internalized moral principles and values
#13
Which of the following is a criticism of Kohlberg's theory of moral development?
It doesn't adequately consider the role of culture in moral reasoning
It doesn't provide clear guidelines for moral behavior
It overemphasizes the role of emotions in moral decision-making
It doesn't explain individual differences in moral development
#14
Which theorist proposed the concept of 'stages of moral reasoning'?
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson
Lev Vygotsky
Lawrence Kohlberg
#15
What is the term for the ability to understand and share the feelings of others?
Empathy
Sympathy
Compassion
Altruism