#1
Who is known for proposing the Attachment Theory?
Erik Erikson
Albert Bandura
John Bowlby
Lev Vygotsky
#2
Which of the following is NOT one of the stages in Erikson's psychosocial development theory?
Trust vs. Mistrust
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Industry vs. Inferiority
Isolation vs. Intimacy
#3
What is the term used to describe an emotional bond that forms between an infant and their primary caregiver?
Parental influence
Attachment
Dependency
Interdependence
#4
Which of the following is NOT a component of Bowlby's attachment theory?
Secure base
Internal working models
Ego development
Proximity maintenance
#5
What is the term for the emotional distress seen in infants when they are separated from their primary caregiver?
Anxiety
Despair
Separation anxiety
Anguish
#6
What term describes the process by which infants form emotional bonds with their caregivers during the first year of life?
Synchrony
Bonding
Imprinting
Attachment
#7
Which term describes the fear of strangers often displayed by infants around 8 months of age?
Social anxiety
Separation anxiety
Stranger anxiety
Attachment anxiety
#8
Which of the following best describes Erikson's stage of 'Trust vs. Mistrust'?
Infants develop a sense of trust when caregivers meet their needs consistently.
Children learn to assert their independence from caregivers.
Adolescents struggle with their sense of identity and self-confidence.
Adults strive to form intimate, loving relationships with others.
#9
According to John Bowlby, what is the primary function of attachment?
To fulfill physiological needs
To establish social dominance
To provide a sense of security
To encourage independence
#10
Which attachment style is characterized by high anxiety and low avoidance?
Secure attachment
Avoidant attachment
Anxious-preoccupied attachment
Disorganized attachment
#11
According to Mary Ainsworth, what behavior is characteristic of a child with a secure attachment style during the Strange Situation experiment?
Avoiding the caregiver upon reunion
Crying excessively and unable to be soothed
Exploring freely when the caregiver is present, showing distress when they leave, and seeking comfort upon return
Ignoring the caregiver altogether
#12
In Ainsworth's Strange Situation experiment, what does a child with an avoidant attachment style display upon reunion with the caregiver?
Seeking comfort and refusing to leave the caregiver's side
Ignoring the caregiver and focusing on toys or surroundings
Crying uncontrollably and unable to be soothed
Clings to the caregiver, showing resistance to exploration
#13
Who coined the term 'strange situation' in the context of attachment research?
John Bowlby
Mary Ainsworth
Sigmund Freud
Erik Erikson
#14
What is the term for the attachment style characterized by a lack of clear attachment behaviors?
Disorganized attachment
Avoidant attachment
Secure attachment
Ambivalent attachment
#15
Which of the following is NOT a key factor in the development of attachment according to attachment theory?
Parental responsiveness
Infant temperament
Social class
Cultural influences
#16
Which of the following is a characteristic of a child with an anxious-ambivalent attachment style in the Strange Situation experiment?
Shows little distress upon separation from the caregiver
Displays excessive clinging behavior to the caregiver
Avoids the caregiver upon reunion
Shows consistent exploration even in the caregiver's absence
#17
Who introduced the concept of 'internal working models' in the context of attachment theory?
Mary Ainsworth
John Bowlby
Harry Harlow
Erik Erikson
#18
Which attachment style is characterized by low anxiety and low avoidance?
Avoidant attachment
Secure attachment
Anxious-ambivalent attachment
Disorganized attachment
#19
According to attachment theory, what is the consequence of a consistent lack of responsiveness from the caregiver?
Secure attachment
Avoidant attachment
Ambivalent attachment
Disorganized attachment
#20
According to Bowlby, what is the primary function of attachment behaviors?
To satisfy physiological needs
To foster exploration and independence
To provide a secure base for exploration
To establish dominance over peers
#21
What is the main difference between Freud's psychosexual theory and Erikson's psychosocial theory in terms of development?
Freud emphasizes unconscious conflicts, while Erikson focuses on conscious experiences.
Freud's theory emphasizes the role of biological drives, while Erikson's theory emphasizes the influence of social interactions.
Freud's theory focuses on early childhood stages, while Erikson's theory extends development across the lifespan.
Freud's theory emphasizes individual experiences, while Erikson's theory emphasizes cultural influences.
#22
According to Bowlby, what is the primary function of attachment behaviors in infancy?
To satisfy physiological needs
To foster exploration and independence
To provide a secure base for exploration
To establish dominance over peers