#1
Which of the following is a characteristic of stem cells?
Limited self-renewal capacity
Highly specialized functions
Ability to differentiate into various cell types
Short lifespan
#2
What is the process by which a stem cell becomes specialized for a specific function?
Apoptosis
Metaplasia
Cellular differentiation
Cell division
#3
Which type of stem cell is commonly found in umbilical cord blood?
Totipotent
Multipotent
Unipotent
Pluripotent
#4
What is the main source of embryonic stem cells used in research?
Bone marrow
Adipose tissue
Embryos
Umbilical cord blood
#5
What is the term for the unspecialized cells that can give rise to multiple cell types?
Progenitor cells
Somatic cells
Stem cells
Effector cells
#6
What is the name of the process by which stem cells undergo cell division to produce more stem cells?
Stem cell differentiation
Stem cell quiescence
Stem cell self-renewal
Stem cell apoptosis
#7
Which type of stem cell can differentiate into any cell type in the body?
Totipotent
Multipotent
Unipotent
Pluripotent
#8
Which of the following is NOT a potential application of stem cell research?
Regenerative medicine
Cloning extinct species
Drug development and testing
Organ transplantation
#9
Which of the following is a potential ethical concern associated with stem cell research?
Risk of infections
Potential for genetic abnormalities in offspring
Loss of biodiversity
Violation of religious beliefs
#10
What is the primary function of adult stem cells in the body?
Repair and maintenance of tissues
Production of hormones
Initiation of immune responses
Storage of genetic information
#11
What is the term for the process by which stem cells can give rise to specialized cell types of various tissues?
Cellular reprogramming
Cellular dedifferentiation
Cellular transdifferentiation
Cellular plasticity
#12
Which of the following is a key characteristic of embryonic stem cells?
They are derived from adult tissues
They have limited potential for differentiation
They are pluripotent
They have shorter telomeres compared to adult cells
#13
What is the name of the process by which adult cells are reprogrammed to become pluripotent stem cells?
Transdifferentiation
Somatic cell nuclear transfer
Cell fusion
Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology
#14
Which of the following diseases has NOT been targeted for potential treatment using stem cell therapies?
Parkinson's disease
Alzheimer's disease
Huntington's disease
Ebola virus disease
#15
Which of the following is NOT a potential advantage of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) over embryonic stem cells?
Ethical considerations
Immunocompatibility
Availability of donor cells
Risk of tumorigenesis
#16
Which of the following is a potential limitation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)?
They are derived from adult tissues
They can cause immune rejection
They may retain epigenetic memory of donor cells
They have limited differentiation potential