Basic Genetics Terminology Quiz

Explore basic genetics terminology with 15 questions covering genes, chromosomes, inheritance, and genetic disorders. How many can you answer correctly?

#1

What is the term for the specific location of a gene on a chromosome?

Genotype
Phenotype
Allele
Locus
#2

Which type of cell division results in the formation of gametes (sperm and egg cells)?

Mitosis
Meiosis
Binary fission
Budding
#3

Which scientist is known for proposing the double helix structure of DNA?

Gregor Mendel
James Watson
Francis Crick
Charles Darwin
#4

Which genetic disorder is caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21?

Hemophilia
Down syndrome
Cystic fibrosis
Turner syndrome
#5

In genetics, what is the term for the process of copying genetic information from DNA to RNA?

Translation
Replication
Transcription
Recombination
#6

What term is used to describe an alternative form of a gene?

Genotype
Phenotype
Allele
Homozygote
#7

In a Punnett square, what represents the possible genotypes of offspring from a genetic cross?

Rows
Columns
Intersection
Diagonals
#8

What is the term for the loss of one or more nucleotides from a gene's DNA sequence?

Insertion
Deletion
Mutation
Translocation
#9

In genetics, what does the term 'heterozygous' mean?

Having two identical alleles for a gene
Having two different alleles for a gene
Having no alleles for a gene
Having a recessive allele
#10

What is the term for a segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein?

Intron
Exon
Codon
Operon
#11

What is the term for the observable characteristics or traits of an organism?

Genotype
Phenotype
Allele
Homozygote
#12

Which of the following represents a sex-linked genetic disorder?

Huntington's disease
Cystic fibrosis
Color blindness
Sickle cell anemia
#13

What is the term for the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis?

Crossing over
Genetic drift
Mutation
Transformation
#14

Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication?

DNA ligase
DNA polymerase
Helicase
RNA polymerase
#15

What is the term for a change in a DNA sequence that does not result in a change to the amino acid sequence of a protein?

Silent mutation
Missense mutation
Nonsense mutation
Frameshift mutation

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