Basic Genetics Terminology Quiz

Locus refers to the specific position of a gene on a chromosome.

Meiosis is the process of cell division that produces gametes, each with half the chromosome number of the parent cell.

Francis Crick is known for proposing the double helix structure of DNA along with James Watson.

Down syndrome is caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21, resulting in intellectual disabilities and physical abnormalities.

Transcription is the process by which genetic information from DNA is copied into RNA.

An allele is one of the possible variations of a gene, often resulting in different traits.

In a Punnett square, the intersection of parental genotypes represents the possible genotypes of offspring.

Deletion is the removal of one or more nucleotides from a gene's DNA sequence, which can lead to genetic disorders.

Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene.

Exon is a segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein and is expressed.

Phenotype refers to the observable traits of an organism, influenced by both genetic and environmental factors.

Color blindness is a sex-linked genetic disorder characterized by the inability to perceive certain colors.

Crossing over is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis, contributing to genetic variation.

Helicase is the enzyme responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during DNA replication.

A silent mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that does not alter the amino acid sequence of the resulting protein.