#1
Which psychologist is known for the development of classical conditioning?
Sigmund Freud
John B. Watson
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
#2
Who proposed the hierarchy of needs in psychology?
John Watson
Abraham Maslow
Erik Erikson
Jean Piaget
#3
Who is associated with the concept of the 'collective unconscious' in psychology?
B.F. Skinner
John B. Watson
Sigmund Freud
Carl Jung
#4
Which psychological approach focuses on the influence of unconscious conflicts and childhood experiences on personality?
Behavioral approach
Cognitive approach
Humanistic approach
Psychoanalytic approach
#5
Who is known for the theory of cognitive development, including stages such as sensorimotor and formal operational?
B.F. Skinner
Erik Erikson
Jean Piaget
Carl Rogers
#6
What is the main focus of the cognitive approach in psychology?
Unconscious mind
Observable behavior
Thought processes and mental functions
External environmental factors
#7
Who is considered the founder of psychoanalysis?
John B. Watson
Carl Rogers
Sigmund Freud
B.F. Skinner
#8
What is the primary focus of behaviorism?
Unconscious mind
Cognitive processes
Observable behavior
Humanistic principles
#9
Who developed the concept of operant conditioning?
Albert Bandura
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
Erik Erikson
#10
What is the main focus of the biological approach in psychology?
Social influences on behavior
Chemical and neurological processes
Cognitive processes
Environmental factors
#11
Who developed the concept of 'self-efficacy' in psychology?
Albert Bandura
Erik Erikson
Abraham Maslow
Jean Piaget
#12
Who is associated with the concept of 'conditioned reflexes' in psychology?
John B. Watson
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
Abraham Maslow
#13
In the context of psychology, what does the term 'gestalt' refer to?
Behaviorist principles
Observable behavior
Wholeness and perception of patterns
Operant conditioning
#14
What is the primary focus of the psychodynamic approach in psychology?
Observable behavior
Conscious thought processes
Unconscious conflicts and processes
Humanistic principles
#15
Who proposed the theory of classical conditioning in behaviorism?
John B. Watson
B.F. Skinner
Ivan Pavlov
Albert Bandura
#16
What does the humanistic approach in psychology emphasize?
Unconscious mind
Free will and self-actualization
Behaviorism
Biological determinism
#17
In the context of psychology, what does the term 'nature vs. nurture' refer to?
Innate biological factors vs. environmental influences
Conscious vs. unconscious processes
Observable behavior vs. internal mental processes
Positive vs. negative reinforcement
#18
What is the main idea behind the sociocultural perspective in psychology?
Focus on individual unconscious conflicts
Emphasis on genetic factors
Role of society and culture in shaping behavior
Study of brain structures and functions
#19
Which psychological approach emphasizes the role of unconscious conflicts and childhood experiences?
Cognitive approach
Behavioral approach
Psychoanalytic approach
Humanistic approach
#20
What is the primary focus of the evolutionary psychology approach?
Human consciousness
Role of genetics in behavior
Cultural influences
Societal norms
#21
Who is known for the theory of psychosocial development, including stages such as trust vs. mistrust?
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson
John Watson
Carl Rogers
#22
Who is known for the social learning theory, emphasizing observational learning and modeling?
John B. Watson
Albert Bandura
Sigmund Freud
Jean Piaget
#23
What is the primary focus of positive psychology?
Treatment of mental disorders
Studying positive aspects of human experience
Unconscious conflicts
Behavior modification
#24
In the context of psychology, what does the term 'cognitive dissonance' refer to?
Inconsistency between attitudes and behaviors
Memory loss and retrieval
Operant conditioning
Social learning theory
#25
Who is associated with the concept of 'self-determination theory' in psychology?
Carl Jung
Abraham Maslow
Edward Deci and Richard Ryan
John B. Watson