#1
Which of the following factors is typically considered as a measure of social inequality in industrial settings?
Average income per capita
Number of factories in operation
Total GDP of the country
Unemployment rate
#2
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a post-industrial society?
Dependence on manufacturing industries
Emphasis on service and knowledge-based industries
High level of technological advancement
Increased focus on environmental sustainability
#3
Which of the following is a characteristic of a command economy?
Private ownership of the means of production
Centralized government control over production and distribution
Free market competition
Absence of government intervention
#4
Which of the following is a characteristic of a post-industrial society?
High reliance on manual labor
Primary focus on agriculture
Predominance of service and information industries
Limited technological advancement
#5
Which of the following is a consequence of industrialization on the family structure?
Increased emphasis on extended family networks
Decrease in gender roles within the family
Shift towards nuclear family units
Less importance placed on childcare
#6
What does the term 'Gini coefficient' measure regarding social and economic conditions?
Level of income inequality
Total population in an area
Average life expectancy
Growth rate of GDP
#7
Which economic theory suggests that in a competitive market, wages tend to settle at a level that allows workers to afford the essentials of life?
Keynesian economics
Monetarism
Classical economics
Marxian economics
#8
What is the primary goal of labor unions in industrial settings?
To maximize profits for corporations
To advocate for workers' rights and better working conditions
To minimize government regulations
To promote competition among workers
#9
In the context of industrialization, what does 'outsourcing' refer to?
Hiring external consultants for managerial tasks
Transferring business operations to external entities
Replacing human labor with automation
Promoting local production and consumption
#10
What is the primary concern of environmentalists regarding industrial development?
Increased employment opportunities
Rapid urbanization
Destruction of natural habitats and pollution
Technological advancement
#11
What is 'structural unemployment' in the context of industrial settings?
Unemployment caused by technological changes
Temporary unemployment due to seasonal factors
Unemployment due to lack of skills matching job requirements
Unemployment caused by fluctuations in the business cycle
#12
According to modern sociological perspectives, what could be a potential consequence of rapid industrialization on social structures?
Decrease in social stratification
Strengthening of traditional social norms
Increase in social mobility
Erosion of traditional social ties
#13
What is 'cyclical unemployment'?
Unemployment due to mismatch of skills and job requirements
Unemployment caused by fluctuations in the business cycle
Unemployment resulting from long-term structural changes in the economy
Unemployment occurring during specific times of the year
#14
According to Karl Marx, what role does labor play in shaping social and economic relations in industrial societies?
It ensures fair distribution of resources among workers.
It is exploited by capitalists for their own profit.
It leads to the development of a classless society.
It has no significant impact on societal structures.
#15
What is the 'informal economy' in the context of industrial societies?
Economic activities that are not regulated by the government
Large-scale industries with a global presence
Economic activities carried out by multinational corporations
Government-controlled sectors of the economy