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Virology and Viral Lifecycle Quiz

#1

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of viruses?

They can only replicate inside a host cell
Explanation

Obligate intracellular parasites

#2

Which of the following is NOT a method of viral transmission?

Photosynthesis
Explanation

Non-viral process of energy production

#3

Which viral structure contains the viral genome?

Nucleocapsid
Explanation

Genetic material enclosed by protein shell

#4

Which enzyme do retroviruses use to convert their RNA genome into DNA?

Reverse transcriptase
Explanation

RNA to DNA conversion enzyme

#5

Which viral structure is responsible for the recognition and attachment to host cells?

Spikes
Explanation

Glycoproteins on viral surface

#6

Which of the following is NOT a stage of the viral replication cycle?

Translation
Explanation

Synthesis of viral proteins from RNA

#7

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of enveloped viruses?

They possess a lipid bilayer membrane
Explanation

Presence of lipid membrane

#8

Which of the following is a common mechanism used by viruses to evade the host immune response?

Inhibition of apoptosis
Explanation

Blocking programmed cell death

#9

What is the primary function of the capsid in a virus?

To protect the viral genome
Explanation

Genetic material shielding

#10

Which type of viral genome is directly translated into protein without needing to be transcribed into mRNA?

Positive-sense RNA
Explanation

Viral RNA as mRNA

#11

Which viral protein mediates the fusion between the viral envelope and the host cell membrane during viral entry?

Fusion protein
Explanation

Facilitates membrane fusion

#12

Which viral protein is responsible for the synthesis of viral RNA using the host cell's machinery?

RNA polymerase
Explanation

Enzyme for RNA synthesis

#13

Which viral enzyme integrates viral DNA into the host cell genome during the lysogenic cycle?

Integrase
Explanation

DNA integration into host DNA

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