Viral Microbiology Quiz

The viral capsid serves to protect the viral genome, providing a shield against external threats and aiding in the infection process.

HIV, or Human Immunodeficiency Virus, is the causative agent of AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome).

Smallpox was declared eradicated by the WHO in 1980, marking a significant achievement in global health.

Viral envelope glycoproteins facilitate the attachment of the virus to host cells, initiating the infection process.

Retroviruses contain reverse transcriptase, enabling the conversion of viral RNA into DNA during the replication process.

Retroviruses integrate their genetic material into the host chromosome as part of their replication strategy.

Triple-stranded RNA is not a recognized type of viral genome; viruses typically have DNA or RNA as their genetic material.

Retroviruses utilize reverse transcriptase to transcribe their RNA genome into DNA, facilitating integration into the host cell's genome.

Photosynthesis is a process exclusive to plants and certain bacteria, not a method of viral transmission; viruses spread through various mechanisms.

The lytic cycle results in the death of the host cell as newly replicated viruses are released, causing cell lysis.

Interferons stimulate the production of antiviral proteins in host cells, enhancing their resistance against viral infections.

Influenza virus is enveloped and possesses a segmented RNA genome, contributing to its unique genetic diversity.

HPV belongs to the Papovaviridae viral family.

In latent infection, viral DNA integrates into the host genome, remaining dormant until reactivation occurs.

Neuraminidase inhibitors prevent the release of mature virus particles from infected cells, inhibiting the spread of the virus.

Prions are composed of misfolded proteins and are infectious particles responsible for various neurodegenerative diseases.

Viral tegument proteins modulate the host immune response, helping the virus evade detection and enhance its ability to replicate.

Zoonosis is the process by which viruses acquire a new host range, often through transmission from animals to humans.